Comparison of urinary biomarkers concentrations in exposed and non-exposed petrol station workers in the Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC), Thailand

• Autorzy: Thetkathuek A. , Polyong C.P. , Jaidee W. , Sirivarasai J.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Background. The Thai government has been developing its Eastern Economic Corridor (EEC), which spans three provinces, with the aim of improving connections with other Asian nations. Since this strategic development, the number of trucks, private car, and passenger car registrations have continued to grow, with a corresponding increase in related to benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX). Objectives. This study aims to compare the levels of trans, trans-muconic acid (t, t MA); toluene (TU); mandelic acid (MA); and methyl hippuric acid (MHA) in the urine of gas station employees, considering demographic and occupational factors. Material and methods. These employees worked either near or away from the fuel dispenser, and there 100 people in each group. Data were collected using interviews and testing environmental air and urine samples for benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylene (BTEX). Results. The results showed that BTEX concentrations were just detectable in all 200 cases (100%). The mean (±SD) urine level of t, t MA was 449.28 (±213.32) μg/g creatinine, while the median (min-max) was 428.23 (95.58-1202.56) μg/g creatinine. The mean TU was 0.011 (0.001) mg/L, while the median (min-max) was 0.011 (0.010-0.013) mg/L. MA levels were higher inside the pollution control zone than they were outside the zone (p=.009). Employees who practiced poor personal hygiene had relatively high urinary toluene and MHA levels (p=.009) and those who did not wear personal protective equipment (PPE) had relatively high MA levels (p=.040). Conclusion. The results of this study revealed statistically significant biomarkers influencing the levels of t, t MA; TU; MA; and MHA in urine. The recommendations of this study are that employers should provide their employees with suitable PPE, check regularly to ensure that it is worn, and strongly encourage employees to take care of their sanitation. Employees should take appropriate breaks and days off to minimize their exposure to BTEX.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Thailand; Eastern Economic Corridor; petrol station; worker exposure; gasoline exposure; mandelic methyl hippuric acid; trans trans-muconic acid; toluene; urinary biomarker; work safety

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
• Rocznik: 2022
• Tom: 73
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.109-119,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Thetkathuek A.

• Department of Industrial Hygiene and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Burapha, University, Chonburi, 20131, Thailand

autor

Polyong C.P.

• Occupational Health and Safety Program, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bansomdejchaopraya Rajabhat University, Bangkok, 10600, Thailand

autor

Jaidee W.

• Department of Public Health Foundations, Faculty of Public Health, Burapha University, Chonburi, 20131, Thailand

autor

Sirivarasai J.

• Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 10400, Thailand

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.32394/rpzh.2022.0197