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Auxin-related functions of LEAFY COTYLEDON2 gene in the induction of somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis

100%

Wojcikowska B., Gaj M. D.

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

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2015

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tom 96

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nr 1

2

High activity of auxin response factors (ARF5, ARF6, ARF10 and ARF16) in somatic embryogenesis of Arabidopsis

84%

Wojcikowska B., Gaj M. D.

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

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2013

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tom 94

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nr 3

3

Somatic embryogenesis of a tree fern Cyathea delgadii Sternb.: achievements and prospects

84%

Mikula A., Grzyb M., Pozoga M., Tomiczak K., Domzalska L., Rybczynski J. J.

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

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2015

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tom 96

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nr 1

4

Flax [Linum usitatisimum L.] - A plant system for study of embryogenesis

84%

Pretova A., Obert B.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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2003

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tom 45

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nr 1

Embryogenesis is a critical stage of the sporophytic life cycle, during which the basic body plan of the plant is established. Although zygotic embryogenesis is induced by fusion of the sperm and egg nuclei, plant cells can initiate embryo development without fertilization. For example, cultured somatic and male gametic cells can be induced to undergo somatic and microspore embryogenesis, respectively. Embryogenesis in vitro represents a powerful tool to manipulate plant development. After characterizing in situ embryo development in flax, we followed the cytological, morphological and some biochemical features of zygotic embryo development in embryo cultures. We also induced direct and indirect somatic and gametic embryo formation in flax. There is a strong indication that somatic and gametic embryogenesis is a stress response and that it is a way the plant cell realizes its survival strategy under completely changed and unusual conditions.

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Biochemistry of zygotic and somatic embryogenesis in silver fir [Abies alba Mill.]

67%

Kormutak A., Salaj T., Matusova R., Vookova B.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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2003

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tom 45

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nr 1

The paper reports a comparative study of storage protein synthesis and enzyme activity during zygotic and somatic embryogenesis of silver fir. The SDS-PAGE profiles of storage proteins in zygotic and somatic embryos were similar but not identical. Six storage protein fractions were detected in zygotic embryos, as compared with eleven fractions in somatic embryos. The principal storage protein of zygotic embryos was represented by the 43 kDa fraction, and in somatic embryos by the 53 kDa fraction. Peroxidase activity was lower in the precotyledonary and cotyledonary stages of somatic embryos than in the corresponding developmental stages of zygotic embryos. However, following desiccation, the mature somatic embryos possessed three times higher peroxidase activity than the mature zygotic embryos. The reverse was true of the specific activity of esterase, which was higher in zygotic embryos than in somatic embryos in all stages of development.

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Embryological aspects of in vitro gynogenesis in plant organ cultures

67%

Mol R.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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1999

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tom 41

The paper reviews female gametophyte development in vitro, the pathways of gynogenetic embryogeny, and autonomous endosperm development in vitro, and presents some implications for future investigation of apomictic processes. In most species studied so far, the pattern of embryo sac development was not altered by in vitro conditions, and some rare deviations could be additional sources of gynogenetic embryos. Meiosis in vitro resulted in megaspore formation followed by embryo sac development or direct embryogenesis. Gynogenesis in vitro occurs via various embryological processes. Embryos developed parthenogenetically from egg cells in twelve species. Apogamic development from the synergid or from antipodal cells was found in six species. Early development of gynogenetic embryos showed some similarities to zygotic embryogenesis, but then the embryos often remained undifferentiated or formed microcalli and protocorm-like structures. In nine species the central cell in ovary/ovule cultures was sporadically stimulated to divide into free-nuclear endosperm. Generally only one gynogenetic structure developed per embryo sac, and no embryos appeared in ovules containing autonomous endosperm. Cellular programs for the autonomous development of endosperm and embryo seem quite different or even competitive in vitro. Various approaches should be taken in future research on apomixis. Classical and novel cytological methods, and in vitro organ and cell cultures should be combined with molecular techniques and genetic studies.

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Cuticle fluorescence during embryogenesis of triticale [xTriticosecale Wittm.]

67%

Szczuka E., Szozda A., Wedzony M., Gielwanowska I., Bednara J.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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1999

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tom 41

A cuticle visualized by auramine O fluorescence on the surface of developing triticale (xTriticosecale Wittm.) embryos was investigated. The localization of the cuticle was studied on zygotic and somatic embryos derived from androgenic culture. In triticale zygotic embryogenesis, a fluorescing cuticle layer appears on the globular embryo and persists during successive stages of development. The cuticle is especially thick on the tip of the coleoptile, the epiblast, the hypoblast and shoot apex surfaces adjacent to the endosperm. During maturation of the embryos there is no fluorescing cuticular layer on the scutellum surface. The fluorescing cuticle covers the whole surface of the mature embryos. In a similar way, the fluorescing cuticle invests whole globular and older somatic triticale embryos, while its layer is not always continuous at later stages. The cuticle persists also on the surface of plantlets growing from somatic embryos. In this paper the influence of the cuticle on embryo polarization, nutrition and morphogenesis is discussed.

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Tissue-specific expression of 14-3-3 isoforms during barley microspore and zygotic embryogenesis

67%

De F. M. S., Louwerse J. D., Lamers G. E. M., Spaink H. P., Wang M.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

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2003

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tom 45

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nr 1

Conserved 14-3-3 proteins have been shown to play regulatory roles in eukaryotic cells, including cell cycle control and differentiation. We were interested in the possible involvement of 14-3-3 proteins in the embryogenic process of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Barley microspore-derived embryo development was used as a model system. Immunolocalization of three barley 14-3-3 isoforms, 14-3-3A, 14-3-3B and 14-3-3C, was carried out using isoform-specific antibodies. In immature microspore-derived embryos, 14-3-3C was specifically expressed underneath the L1 layer of the shoot apical meristem and in the scutellum. Comparative studies showed that 14-3-3C was also expressed underneath the L1 layer of the shoot apical meristem and in the scutellum of immature zygotic embryos. We further demonstrated that 14-3-3C expression is restricted to L2 layer-derived cells of in vitro shoot meristematic cultures. Our results reveal that 14-3-3C isoform tissue-specific expression is closely related to defined events during differentiation processes in embryogenesis and in vitro meristematic cultures.

Ograniczanie wyników

Auxin-related functions of LEAFY COTYLEDON2 gene in the induction of somatic embryogenesis in Arabidopsis

High activity of auxin response factors (ARF5, ARF6, ARF10 and ARF16) in somatic embryogenesis of Arabidopsis

Somatic embryogenesis of a tree fern Cyathea delgadii Sternb.: achievements and prospects

Flax [Linum usitatisimum L.] - A plant system for study of embryogenesis

Biochemistry of zygotic and somatic embryogenesis in silver fir [Abies alba Mill.]

Embryological aspects of in vitro gynogenesis in plant organ cultures

Cuticle fluorescence during embryogenesis of triticale [xTriticosecale Wittm.]

Tissue-specific expression of 14-3-3 isoforms during barley microspore and zygotic embryogenesis