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In the past few years there has been an increase in Poland of IHN virus isolation on rainbow trout farms. Diagnostic studies using biological, immunoassay (ELISA), and molecular (PCR) methods have been performed systematically. Simultaneous intensive study has also demonstrated that the IHN virus has an immunosuppressive effect that causes decreased macrophage and lymphocyte activity in rainbow trout. One method to limit losses caused by the IHN virus is to stimulate the innate antiviral immune response in spawners. The aim of the study was to determine the impact of a new immunostimulator, Bioimmuno II (IRS Olsztyn), which was administered with the feed for 14 days, on the innate cellular and humoral defense mechanisms of rainbow trout spawners. The experiment was performed on 20 female and 20 male rainbow trout. Immunoassays indicated that Bioimmuno II stimulates the innate cellular and humoral mechanisms in females and males. The increased activity of the macrophages and lymphocytes is particularly important, while increased levels of interferon is a very significant element of innate antiviral immunity. The results obtained suggest that Bioimmuno II can be useful in activating the innate antiviral immunity to IHN in rainbow trout spawners.
The IHN virus induces high mortality among fishes, especial rainbow trout fingerlings. This study focuses on the in vitro influence of IHN virus on spleen phagocyte activity and the proliferative response of pronephros lymphocytes stimulated by mitogens ConA and LPS. The results indicate that the IHN virus decreased the metabolic activity (RBA) and potential killing activity (PKA) of spleen phagocytes statistically significantly (P<0.05). A similar pattern was observed in lymphocyte activity, with the IHN virus statistically significantly (P<0.05) decreasing the proliferative response of pronephros lymphocytes stimulated by mitogens ConA and LPS. The results of this study showed that IHN virus suppressed cell-mediated immunity in rainbow trout.
The purpose of the project was to study the correlation between the presence of the IHN virus and the presence of antibodies against this virus in fish sera. Experimental infection of rainbow trout was performed at temperatures of 12°C±1 and 15°C±1. The trouts’ sera were collected at 7-day intervals. Samples from farms naturally infected with IHNV were also tested. The presence of antibodies against IHNV was determined by seroneutralization and the virus was detected by isolation in cell culture. It was found that in the experimentally infected rainbow trout, antibodies against IHN were found earlier in the higher temperature, after 21 days post infection, whereas the presence of IHNV was observed to last longer in the lower temperature. In the study performed on 30 samples of sera from IHN-infected farms, antibodies were detected in 12 samples. Detection of antibodies against IHNV in fish serum can be a helpful tool supporting recommended techniques.
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