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Young farmers' sustainability perspective in Hungary

75%
In the European Union, the proportion of people employed in agriculture is continuously decreasing. In Poland, nearly 15% of the actively employed population work in the sectors of agriculture, forestry and fishery, which is well above the European average of around 5%. This ratio is 5.1% in Hungary. Besides the decrease of the percentage of people employed in agriculture, a low proportion of young farmers can also be observed. In order to ensure alignment with the strategy Europe 2020: smart, sustainable and inclusive growth, the pillar of rural development of the Common Agricultural Policy will be based on six priorities in the fields of agriculture, forestry and food processing. Apart from achieving these goals, young agricultural producers will be performing a prominent role as the engagement of young people in the agrarian sector is indispensable for the future of the sector. In my study, I examined the various reasons why young agricultural producers had started agricultural activities, and to what extent they consider it their key task to make agriculture sustainable and to protect the land and their environment.
The development of a country's agriculture is basically determined by the agricultural investments and projects. In setting up new businesses and creating new capacities the young generation plays a significant role. If the spirit of enterprise combines with good competence and a sufficient amount of capital they will establish modern farms and run these farms competitively in long term too. In Hungary there is a preferential treatment of the problems of beginner farmers since 1998. The subsidy for young farmers is a EU conform subvenction form, so it can be an important part of the Hungarian subsidy system in long term. After some hesitation the effort of the government to win the young, more innovative generetion over to farming is beginning to be an significant part of the device system that stimulates the establishment of competitive agricultural holdings. The above statement is backed up with the analyses we accomplished among the winner competitors showed in our presentation.
Work in swine confinement buildings leads to an inflammatory response and may be associated with increased levels of acute phase proteins. We compared the inflammatory response of a control group of young former farm workers with age-matched former farm workers who had previously developed the lower airway symptoms of wheeze, cough, tightness of the chest during work in swine confinement buildings, and because of these symptoms had stopped work. Both groups were subjected to an experimental exposure in a swine confinement building for 3 hours. Complement activation and acute phase proteins were measured in blood samples and broncho-alveolar lavage. Plasma C3d levels correlated with respirable dust, significantly so for individual cases and for the whole cohort. Plasma C3, fibrinogen and alpha1-acid glycoprotein peaked 1 and 6 h after exposure start, mannan-binding lectin, C-reactive protein and alpha1-antitrypsin peaked after 2 h. Surfactant protein D (SP-D) and alpha2-macroglobulin were downregulated. In lavage, only SP-D, alpha2-macroglobulin and fibronectin were detected. FEV1, FVC, TLC and FEV25-75 did not vary during exposure. There was complement activation in response to respiratory dust, more so amongst cases than in the control group. Acute exposure, with work related levels of organic dust containing endotoxin, leads to a weak systemic inflammatory response.
A lack of fund for rural areas development lead to searching and make use of external sources included EU Structural Funds. The scale of its influences will depend on operative folks which will gain and properly use the forms of EU support. The article is an attempt of view on Małopolska Voivodeship with a view to estimation the absorbtion of capital in four Activitis Sectoral Operational Programme.
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