Wyniki wyszukiwania - AGRO

1

Multiannual changes in assemblages of planktonic rotifers in ponds and of the Poleski National Park

100%

Demetraki-Paleolog A., Adamczuk M., Sender J.

Teka Komisji Ochrony i Kształtowania Środowiska Przyrodniczego

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2014

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tom 11

2

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Evaluation of water table dynamics for sustainable cultivation in wetlands

100%

Oke A., Are K., Oluwatosin G., Adeyolanu O., Dauda T., Adelana A.

International Agrophysics

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2011

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tom 25

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nr 2

3

Zooplankton community emerging from fresh and saline wetlands

100%

Toruan R. L.

International Journal of Ecohydrology and Hydrobiology

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2012

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tom 12

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nr 1

4

How artificial aeration improved sewage treatment of an integrated vertical-flow constructed wetland

100%

Tao M., He F., Xu D., Li M., Wu Z.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2010

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tom 19

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nr 1

183-191

Artificial aeration was added to an integrated vertical-flow constructed wetland (called aerated IVCW hereafter) for improving water purification performance. The results showed that both oxygen levels and aerobic zones were increased in the wetland substrates. The electric potential (Eh) profiling demonstrated that artificial aeration maintained the pattern of sequential oxic-anoxic-oxic redox zones within the aerated IVCW chambers in winter, while only two oxic-anoxic zones were present inside the non-aerated IVCW in the cold seasons. The nitrification/denitrification processes and organic matter decomposition were enhanced by artificial aeration since the removal efficiency of NH₄⁺-N and BOD₅ were significantly improved in all seasons, particularly in winter. It seemed that artificial aeration could compensate for the absence of plant-mediated oxygen supply, though the low temperatures and plant dieback still affected the removal efficiency of COD and TN in the winter. Eight hours of artificial aeration per day was sufficient to eliminate the significant accumulation of NO₃⁻-N previously observed in the effluent from continuously aerated subsurface-flow constructed wetlands. These results suggest that the aerated IVCW could treat domestic sewage more efficiently, especially in winter.

5

Speciation of organic matter in vertical flow constructed wetlands

100%

Tuszynska A., Obarska-Pempkowiak H.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2009

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tom 18

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nr 4

735-740

The object of our research were vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs) that are a component of biological treatment of two hybrid hydrophyte systems located in Wieszyno and Wiklino, near Słupsk, Poland. The facilities that are subject to analyses are unified in terms of structure (filtration material, depth of bed and time of operation), but they differ in organic matter load, amounting respectively to: 8.0 gCOD/m²day and 31.0 gCOD/m²day. The intensity of oxygenation of the facilities resulting from diffusive flow of oxygen to the soil was determined based on the measurements of oxygen diffusion coefficient in the soil (Dg). The analysis of the quality of organic matter in wastewater was concentrated on determining concentrations of the following four fractions: in suspended solids and in dissolved phase both decomposable and non-decomposable ones. The investigation proved that the increase in load of organic matter resulted in deterioration of oxygen conditions in the bed, which in turn led to a decrease in efficiency of pollutant removal. Higher load of organic matter in the facility of Wieszyno as compared with Wiklino was the direct cause of VFCW clogging.

6

Determinants of plant species richness in different wetland types along a hydrological gradient: implication for conservation

100%

Shi J., Ma K., Wang J., Zhang Y., Zhao J.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2013

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tom 61

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nr 4

The loss of biodiversity caused by wetland degradation is a hot issue in ecology. It is known that hydrological degradation is the primary reason resulting in wetland degradation, but little is known about the relationship between plant species richness and environmental factors in different wetland types along a hydrological gradient. According to the gradient from high to low water level, wetland remnants in the Sanjiang Plain of northeast China were classified into three wetland types, which were permanently inundated marshes (PIM), seasonally inundated marshes (SIM) and wet meadows (WM) respectively. In this paper, we aimed to identify the determinants of plant species richness in the three wetland types and discern the transition of the determinants along a hydrological gradient. Plant species richness as well as area, habitat heterogeneity and resource availability was investigated in 51 wetland remnants, which were composed of 6 PIM, 25 SIM and 20 WM. Averagely, the area of wetland remnants occupied by PIM, SIM and WM was 0.35 ± 0.17 ha, 2.81 ± 2.88 ha and 1.34 ± 1.18 ha respectively. Aggregating the species in each wetland type, there were 67, 244 and 170 species recorded in PIM, SIM and WM. The determinants of species richness varied in different wetland types: standing water depth in PIM, area and water heterogeneity in SIM, and soil fertility and area in WM. With the decreasing water level, the influence of hydrological condition on species richness in the three wetland types declined while the impact of area and soil fertility gradually increased. Thus, hydrological condition was probably responsible for the transition of the determinants of species richness in different wetland types. Moreover, the habitat specialists of wetland would be lost when PIM or SIM degraded to WM. In order to conserve and restore plant diversity, specific measures should be taken including preventing area loss for all wetland remnants, managing the hydrological process for PIM and SIM, and regulating soil nutrient for WM.

7

The methane emission measurements using relaxed Eddy technique - preliminary results from Rzecin wetland

100%

Chojnicki B. H., Siedlecki P., Rinne J., Urbaniak M., Juszczak R., Olejnik J.

Acta Agrophysica. Rozprawy i Monografie

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2010

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nr 2[179]

8

Species similarity - distance relationship in wetlands: effect of disturbance intensity

100%

Lu T., Ma K., Zhang Y., Ni H., Fu B.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2009

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tom 57

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nr 4

647-657

Disturbance is considered to be one of the main factors influencing variations in species diversity. While many experimental and observational studies provide a good understanding of how disturbance maintains the α-diversity, we know little about how disturbance influences β-diversity, and the effects of disturbance intensity on spatial species turnover are lacking. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effects of disturbance on patterns of species similarity in wetland communities, and to identify how disturbance intensity affects the species similarity - distance relationship. In our study, four isolated wetland remnants under different agricultural drainage ditch densities were surveyed in Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China. Wetland disturbance was assessed by agricultural ditch densities, and species similarity was quantified by the Jaccard index. A simple measure of environmental distance was obtained by using water level and five soil variables, and a corresponding measure of geographical distance was made between pairs of plots from each site. Based on these data, we estimated rates of distance decay through regression of log-transformed compositional similarity against both environmental and geographical distance for pair-wise comparisons of wetland plots from each site. One key finding of our research is that disturbance intensity does influence the species similarity - distance relationship. At each site, species similarity decreased significantly with distance, and both effects of geographical and environmental distance were statistically significant. The results indicate that with disturbance intensity increasing, the distance decay rate decreases.

9

The management and development of constructed wetlands for treatment of petrochemical waste waters in Hungary: 35 years of experience

100%

Lakatos G., Veres Z., Kundrat J., Meszaros I.

International Journal of Ecohydrology and Hydrobiology

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2014

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tom 14

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nr 1

10

Influence of vegetation on the hydraulic behaviour of a reconstructed wetland

100%

Dal Cin L., Bendoricchio G.

International Journal of Ecohydrology and Hydrobiology

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2002

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tom 02

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nr 1-4

The ecohydrological approach can be applied to reconstructed wetlands where an appropriate vegetation design is needed in order to optimise hydraulic behaviour, water quality improvement and biodiversity increase. The purpose of this study is to examine the hydraulic effects of different development stages of vegetation in a demonstrative reconstructed wetland in Italy characterised by a central canal and two vegetated lateral shallow zones. Tracer tests were carried out in different vegetation conditions. The residence time distributions were analysed using several parameters. As expected, the results show that with more developed vegetation the hydraulic dead zones increase. On the other hand, a moderate increase of vegetation density doesn’t hinder the flow, but rather increases dispersion number. A proper design has to avoid hydraulic short circuiting and provide a good distribution of the flow especially in the vegetated zones.

11

Biogeochemical multifunctionality of wetland ecotones in lakeland agricultural landscape

100%

Kruk M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2003

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tom 51

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nr 2

The study was focused on the analysis of the effect of the nutrient loads from cultivated and fertilized watershed on the ion balance in wetland ecotones. The investigations were carried out in Masurian Lakeland (NE Poland) in small (0.2 ha) fens dominated by cattail association. Wetland ecotones constitute an effective biogeochemical barrier in respect to nitrates. However, they do not protect lakes against other eutrophication factors arising as the result of multifunctional character of biogeochemical processes in the wetland environment under pression of nutrients of fertilizing origin. The eutrophication of waters can be enhanced by increased amounts of potassium, phosphates, and dissolved organic nitrogen moving out from wetland ecotones.

12

Efficiency of wastewater treatment in an improved constructed wetland

100%

Obarska-Pempkowiak H., Ozimek T.

Polskie Archiwum Hydrobiologii

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2000

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tom 47

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nr 2

13

Survival of Ceriodaphnia dubia [Crustacea, Cladocera] exposed to different screens against natural ultraviolet radiation

84%

De L. R. P., Acevedo P., Verdugo K.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2007

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tom 16

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nr 3

481-485

The current increase of penetration of natural ultraviolet radiation (UVR ) in southern South America affects water bodies because the UVR can penetrate the water column. In this scenario, the zooplankton develops photoprotective strategies such as vertical migrations against UVR or synthesis of photoprotective substances. The present study was done using a population of Ceriodaphnia dubia. that was collected from small shallow wetland near Temuco, Chile. The specimens were exposed for 7 to 9 hours to natural ultraviolet radiation, and with different colored nylon as protection against UVR , the experiment was done during the southern summer of 2006. The results revealed that in the presence of protection against UVR provided by colored nylon, the mortality was low, whereas under exposure to UVR and covering by transparent nylon total mortality was observed. The relation between mortality and the dose of UV that can penetrate the different colored nylon is represented by LC₅₀ in UV (280-400 nm) and UVB (280-320 nm), within intensities of 234.82 and 14.96 kJ/m², respectively.

14

Species richness of breeding birds at a landscape scale: which habitat type is the most important?

84%

Skorka P., Martyka R., Wojcik J. D.

Acta Ornithologica

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2006

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tom 41

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nr 1

15

Environmental gradients across wetland vegetation groups in the arid slopes of Western Alborz Mountains, N. Iran

84%

Kamrani A., Naqinezhad A., Jalili A., Attar F.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2010

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tom 79

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nr 4

Mountain wetlands are unique ecosystems in the arid southern slopes of Alborz range, the second largest range in Iran. The spatial distribution characteristics of wetland vegetation in the arid region of the Alborz and the main factors affecting their distributional patterns were studied. A classification of vegetation and ecological characteristics were carried out using data extracted from 430 relevés in 90 wetland sites. The data were analyzed using Two Way Indicator Species Analysis (TWINSPAN) and detrended correspondence analysis (DCA). The wetland vegetation of Alborz Mountain was classified into four large groups. The first vegetation group was calcareous rich vegetation, mainly distributed in the river banks and characterized by helophytes such as Bolboschoenus affinis as indicator species. The second group was saline transitional vegetation, distributed in the ecotone areas and dominated by Phragmites australis. The third vegetation group is wet meadow vegetation which mainly consists of geophytes, endemic and Irano-Turanian species, distributed in the higher altitudes. This vegetation is mainly characterized by indicator species such as Carex orbicularis, high level concentration of Fe2+ and percentage of organic matter in the soil. The fourth vegetation group is aquatic vegetation, distributed in the lakeshores. The aquatic group species are mainly hydrophytic such as Batrachium trichophyllum. The TWINSPAN vegetation groups could be also recognized in the DCA graphs and ecologically differentiated by ANOVA of studied variables. Four vegetation groups can be differentiated on two first axes of indirect ordination. There is a gradient of pH, EC and organic matter associated with altitude on the DCA diagram. Correlation analysis between the axes of DCA and environmental factors shows that altitude, soil texture and other dependant environmental variables (e.g. pH) are the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of wetland vegetation groups.

16

A new marsh plant community of Eleocharito palustris-Alismatetum lanceolati (Eleocharito palustris-Sagittarion sagittifoliae alliance) in Slovakia

84%

Hrivnak R., Slezak M., Sumberova K., Hroudova Z.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2015

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tom 84

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nr 3

Open and species-poor stands with a dominance of Alisma lanceolatum were recorded in periodically flooded habitats of the southern part of central Slovakia (Ipel' River catchment area) during the summer of 2013. Phytosociological relevés correspond to the association Eleocharito palustris-Alismatetum lanceolati (alliance Eleocharito palustris-Sagittarion sagittifoliae), which is reported and documented here for the first time from the territory of Slovakia. It inhabits predominantly temporarily flooded depressions on agricultural land - wet arable fields and extensively used pastures. Detrended correspondence analysis showed that the variability in species composition was most significantly influenced by water depth, the presence of arable fields in the contact area and water conductivity. Special attention was paid to a detailed description of the floristic composition, habitat requirements, distribution patterns and nomenclature of the community.

17

Foraging of white stork Ciconia ciconia in forests – the heritage of an ancient behaviour?

84%

Tryjanowski P., Grzywaczewski G., Zbyrt A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2018

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tom 66

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nr 3

The white stork Ciconia ciconia is a typical open-area species, foraging mainly in farmland and wetland areas. The main aim of this paper was to describe the foraging ecology of white storks inside un-typical habitat, i.e. forests in Poland. Data on white stork feeding in forests were based on responses to questionnaires distributed to several national mailing lists with a total of 1700 (16% subscribers) and via emails to naturalists (mainly to white stork researchers). In total 63 observations, from the years 2000–2015, were collected, mainly from eastern Poland. In all cases, only a single adult individual was recorded inside the forest, with a mean (±SD) distance to the forest edge of 50 ± 102 m (n = 597) and 1315 ± 1015 m (n = 63) to the nearest white stork nest. Birds foraging inside forests were recorded from late May to mid-August, but the greatest numbers were seen during June. The main prey was a lizard, the slow-worm Anguis fragilis, with a maximum of 10 individuals collected by a stork during one foraging session. We discuss the origin of the observed foraging behaviour, noting that the species is flexible and opportunistic in terms of consumed food. The observed foraging is probably similar to the original behaviour of the species within primeval forest, although food opportunism helps the white stork to use new foraging areas, for example landfills.

18

Natural floodplain storage capacity - modelling approach

84%

Miroslaw-Swiatek D., Okruszko T., Chormanski J.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2004

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nr 08

19

Seasonal changes in the diversity and numbers of waterbirds in a tropical river in Southern Africa

84%

Kopij G., Paxton M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2018

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tom 66

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nr 3

Although freshwater habitats play a crucial role in most ecosystems in the world, little is known on their functioning in tropical regions even in regard to the most often studied avian communities. In this study, counts on waterbirds were conducted in dry and wet season (in years 2001–2008) in a riverine habitat in southern Africa (Shamvura stretch of the Okavango River). In total, 84 waterfowl species were recorded. The birds were assigned to different guilds according to their migration activity, diet and nesting site selection. In overall, the species number was almost the same (74 vs. 73) in the wet and dry season. The abundance of all resident species recorded was lower in wet (N = 5992) than in dry seasons (N = 6965)(χ²= 73.1, P < 0.01). In both seasons Palearctic migrants were represented by seven species, which comprised 1–2% of all waterbirds. Six species were classified as dominants: African reed cormorant Phalacrocorax africanus, African openbill stork Anastomus lamelligerus, cattle egret Bubulcus ibis, wattled lapwing Vanellus senegallus, African darter Anhinga rufa and white-faced duck Dendrocygna viduata. In the wet season the dominant species comprised 68%, while in dry season – 52.5% of all birds recorded. Significant seasonal differences in the numbers of individuals were shown for the following species: African reed cormorant, great egret, squacco heron, wattled lapwing and pied kingfisher. Insectivorous and omnivorous birds were more abundant in wet season, while piscivorous, carnivorous and plant eating birds in dry season. These differences can be related mainly to seasonal variation in the availability of food as well as to the timing of breeding.

20

COD, TN and TP removal of Typha wetland vegetation of different structures

84%

Debing J., Lianbi Z., Xiaosong Y., Jianming H., Mengbin Z., Yuzhong W.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2009

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tom 18

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nr 2

183-190

The diversity of aquatic macrophytes plays an important role in wastewater purification. To optimize poly-culture vegetation structure, Typha-Phragmites-Scirpus (with T. angustata, P. communis, S. validus as major species) vegetation, Typha-main (with T. angustata as major species) vegetation and Typha-monoculture vegetation as three design treatments were planted in pilot-scale gravel-based subsurface wetlands to treat artificial sewage. The Typha vegetation depicted had high COD, TN and TP removal loads in wetlands when low pollution load was treated, Typha-Phragmites-Scirpus vegetation had COD, TP and TN removal loads of 0.517 g m⁻² d⁻¹, 0.277 g P m⁻² d⁻¹ and 0.023 g N m⁻² d⁻¹ in autumn. A Partial Correlations Analysis showed that COD removal loads significantly and positively correlated with plant species and stem density in either pilot scale or medium-sized (430 m² in area) constructed wetland. The N, P amounts in the above-ground tissue are only 3.5~11.1 g N m⁻² yr⁻¹ and 1.3~13.5 g P m⁻² yr⁻¹ in medium-sized and pilot scale wetlands, because both biomass and N, P contents of wetland vegetation harvested in late autumn were low. Thus, it is important for constructed wetlands to optimize poly-culture vegetation structure to improve treatment efficiency. Generally, the poly-culture wetlands vegetation of T. angustata, P. communis, S. validus, Z. latifolia, Acorus calamus with stem densities of 23 stem m⁻², 194 stem m⁻², 112 stem m⁻², 26 stem m⁻², 42 stem m⁻² could gain excellent removal efficiency.

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