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The aim of the study was to observe the effect of coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E supplementation on the course of the regeneration process of the longissimus lumborum muscle after bupivacaine-induced myonecrosis as well as to determine the correlation between the level of those substances in plasma and their levels in damaged and non-damaged muscular tissue in pigs. The obtained results indicate that the course of regeneration of a damaged muscle is affected to a higher extent by coenzyme Q10 than by vitamin E. The administration of coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E has a significant impact on the increase in the level of those substances in damaged muscles and plasma of animals.
Hypertension is associated with increased reactive oxygen species (ROS). Renal ROS production and their effects on renal function have never been investigated in mineralocorticoid hypertensive rats. In this study we hypothesized that increased ROS production in kidneys from deoxycorticosterone (DOCA)-salt rats contributes to adverse renal morphological changes and impaired renal function in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. We also determined whether ROS-induced renal injury was dependent on blood pressure. DOCA-salt hypertensive rats exhibited a marked increase in blood pressure, renal ROS production, glomerular and tubular lesions, and microalbuminuria compared to sham rats. Treatment of DOCA-salt hypertensive rats with apocynin for 28 days resulted in attenuation of systolic blood pressure and improvement of renal morphology. Renal superoxide level in DOCA-salt rats was 215% of sham-operated rats and it was significantly decreased to 140% with apocynin treatment. Urinary protein level was decreased from 27 ± 3 mg/day in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats to 9 ± 2 mg/day. 28 days of Vitamin E treatment also reduced renal injury in regard to urinary protein level and renal morphology but had no effect on blood pressure in DOCA-salt rats. Increased urinary 8-isoprostane, a marker for oxidative stress, in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats (55 ± 8 ng/day) was diminished by vitamin E treatment (24 ± 6 ng/day). These data suggest that renal injury characteristic of mineralocorticoid hypertension is associated with oxidative stress and is partly independent of blood pressure.
The study was designed to assess the antioxidant defense mechanisms, either enzymatic or non-enzymatic, in a group of sixteen centenarians (one male and fifteen female subjects aged 101 to 105 years) living in the Upper Silesia district (Poland) in order to evaluate the potential role of antioxidant defenses in human longevity. The results of our preliminary study showed that in comparison with young healthy female adults the centenarians had significantly higher red blood cell glutathione reductase and catalase activities and higher, although insignificantly, serum vitamin E level.
The study was carried out on three groups of cows kept in the systems: I - indoor and pasture, II - indoor with a run, III - indoor. The experiment lasted one year and involved summer and winter feeding. Contents of vitamin A and E in blood serum were determined. The highest serum levels of vitamin E were determined in animals kept in both indoor + pasture and indoor + run systems. The system of keeping did not affect significantly the concentration of vitamin A in the examined period. Statistically significant differences occured in some months but generally in all the systems, its content was at a similar level.
The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase was marked in homogenates of rat's (type Wistar) liver after 1, 2 and 3 months of watering them with 0.02% and 0.04% solution of sodium nitrate in the situation when the rats' diet was supplemented with vitamin E. In comparison with the control group it was stated that the activity of SOD increases and the activity of GPx decreases in liver homogenates sampled from rats watered with nitrate solutions. In liver homogenates sampled from rats which apart from being watered with nitrates were also administered vitamin E, a relative normalisation of the activity of both enzymes was stated. The obtained results indicate direct or indirect free- radical character of the nitrates effect.
Lipid oxidation is the primary cause of deterioration in the quality of frozen meat and meat products. Oxidative deterioration of meat lipids during frozen storage can directly affect the colour, flavour, texture, nutritive value, and safety of food. Natural antioxidants reduce lipid oxidation and as a consequence may improve meat quality. In the present study we investigate the effect of three levels of dietary vitamin E on animal growth performance and on meat oxidation. HPLC analyses were performed in order to assess a-tocopherol levels in blood serum and its deposition in muscles. The oxidative stability of muscle was examined over 7 days of refrigeration storage by means of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). We concluded that supplementation with vitamin E augmented a-tocopherol levels in blood serum and muscles from pig samples receiving 300 mg/kg feed. Moreover lipid oxidation in chilled meat was successfully reduced.
A method for the simultaneous determination of vitamin A (all-trans-retinol) and vitamin E (α-tocopherol) in milk using the HPLC technique with UV detection (324 nm, vitamin A) and fluorescent detection (Ex295 nm/Em350 nm, vitamin E) was validated. A reverse phase LiChroCART™ 250-4 Superspher™ 100 RP-18 column was used for chromatographic separation. A mixture of methanol and H2O (96.5:3.5 v/v) was used as the eluent (1 mL/min). The analyses were performed after spectrophotometric standardization of standard ethanol solutions, and the results were corrected by recovery. The residual coefficients of variation for the regression equation y=ax were 4.7% (vitamin A) and 8.3% (vitamin E), with r2 > 0.998 (for both vitamins). The limit of quantitation was 0.02 μg/mL and 0.3 μg/mL, repeatability and reproducibility 14% and 12.5%, and uncertainty of the method 20.7% and 18.8% for vitamins A and E, respectively. Vitamin recovery from milk was 51.6-75.1% (vitamin A) and 70.1-87.8% (vitamin E). The results of the reference material analyses (CRM 421, SRM 2383) concur with the certified reference values. The analytical method described is precise, accurate, fast and inexpensive.
The aim of this study was to comparison of chemical components and antioxidant activity in leaves of winter and spring varieties of garlic, obtained from POLAN Company; Krakow, Poland) as well as in leaves of wild (bear’s) garlic. The content of basic chemical components were determined according to the AOAC methods. Selected minerals content was determined according to the PN procedure. Vitamin C and polyphenols were determined using the Tillman’s and Folin-Ciocalteau’s methods, respectively. The ability to scavenging of the ABTS•+ was analyzed by Re et al. method. Leaves of wild garlic had the significantly lowest amount of dry matter (79.0 g·kg⁻¹), proteins (13.7 g·kg⁻¹), total carbohydrates (50.8 g·kg⁻¹), dietary fiber (26.9 g·kg⁻¹), ash (8.9 g·kg⁻¹), vitamin C (956.1 mg·kg⁻¹), and antioxidant activity (25.0 mmol TEAC·kg⁻¹), but the highest level of crude fat (5.6 g·kg⁻¹), potassium (34.6 g·kg⁻¹), magnesium (1.72 g·kg⁻¹), iron (230.3 mg·kg⁻¹) and zinc (58.8 mg·kg⁻¹) as compared to winter and spring varieties. At the same time, there was no unambiguous differences in the level of basic chemical components (proteins 20.9 ÷ 35.7 g·kg⁻¹, fat 1.6 ÷ 2.8 g·kg⁻¹, total carbohydrates 61.3 ÷ 116.5 g·kg⁻¹, fibre 33.7 ÷ 57.0 g·kg⁻¹, ash 8.9 ÷ 14.1 g·kg⁻¹), antioxidants (vitamin C 75.4 ÷ 459.7 mg·kg⁻¹, polyphenols 335.3 ÷ 1895.1 mg·kg⁻¹), antioxidant activity (27.0 ÷ 30.1 mmol TEAC·kg⁻¹) and the amount of minerals (calcium 7.55 ÷ 28.9 g·kg⁻¹, potassium 15.9 ÷ 28.0 g·kg⁻¹, magnesium 0.85 ÷ 1.32 g·kg⁻¹, sulphur 2.41 ÷ 6.22 g·kg⁻¹, iron 34.4 ÷ 85.7 mg·kg⁻¹, zinc 9.32 ÷ 13.8 mg·kg⁻¹) between winter and spring varieties, as well as between winter varieties.
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