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Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) is an ornamental bulbous plant and a famous cut flower in tropical and subtropical regions. Post-harvest senescence of the cut flowers is the main factor limiting the marketability of most of these species including tuberose. From the perspective of metabolic changes, senescence happens as the result of oxidative processes induced by active oxygen species production. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and salicylic acid (SA) are compounds with some functions in the post-harvest physiology of some plants. The present study focused on the effect of GABA and SA on vase life and some post-harvest traits of cut tuberose flowers. The plants were sprayed with GABA (5, 10, or 15 mg L–1) and SA (50, 100, or 150 mg L–1) at three stages during growth and before harvest in a greenhouse (30, 45, and 60 days after the planting of the bulbs) and were observed after harvest until senescence. Results showed that GABA and SA positively affected the vase life, water uptake, fresh weight, ion leakage, total dissolved solids, chlorophyll, protein, and catalase, peroxidase, and ascorbate peroxidase enzymatic activity. They postponed senescence. The highest and lowest vase lives were observed in plants treated with 10 mg L–1 GABA (11 days) and control (distilled water) (7 days), respectively. It was found that the treatment of tuberose with GABA and SA during growth can improve its post-harvest quality. However, it is recommended to conduct further studies on them.
Garden perennials are a source of floristry material produced in field or under covers. A perennial producing long, leafy shoots, which in flower arrangements might successfully substitute fern or palm leaves, is Polygonatum multiflorum. The variety characterizing with decorative white margined leaves is ‘Variegatum’. To improve their quality, the growth stimulator Actisil Hydro Plus, which contains 0.6% of active silicon in a form of orthosilicic acid was applied. The aim of the conducted experiment was to estimate the influence of silicon and a place of cultivation (tunnel and open field) on post-harvest quality determined with morphological features, vase life longevity and mechanical properties of Polygonatum multiflorum (L.) All. ‘Variegatum’ stems. The plants were sprayed with water solutions of Actisil in concentrations: 0.2%, 0.3%, and 0.4%, six times during the growing season in weekly intervals, starting from the first decade of May, always in the morning. It was stated that cultivation of Polygonatum in the unheated foil tunnel increases quality of shoots for cut greenery, determined with morphological features and post-harvest longevity. Cultivation of Polygonatum in a foil tunnel and spraying plants with Actisil in concentrations of 0.3 or 0.4% is advantageous due to possibility to increase a number of shoots from 20% to over 31%, their length from 9% to 11% and fresh weight from 52% to 71%, in comparison to control plants. It is advised to treat plants cultivated in a tunnel, with Actisil in concentration of 0.4% as it improved shoots quality evaluated with their diameter and lower leaves blade area. Spraying plants with Actisil in concentrations of 0.2–0.4% in the tunnel and 0.2% in field prolongs post-harvest shoots longevity by 3–4 days. Plants cultivated in the tunnel characterize with higher strength of shoots determined with higher maximum force causing permanent damage and lower stem deflection than plants cultivated in field. Plants grown in a tunnel and sprayed with Actisil in concentrations of 0.4% characterized with the strongest shoots after 14 days of storage, however a similar effect was observed with the concentration of 0.3% and in case of plants cultivated in field and sprayed with 0.4% of Actisil.
Bio-stimulants are in excessive demand for the sustainable production of floriculture crops. The current investigation was designed to find out the effect of naturally occurring growth stimulant moringa leaf extract (MLE) on the growth, flowering, post-harvest life and corm production of two gladiolus cultivars (cvs.) ‘Rose Supreme’ and ‘White Prosperity’. The research trial was laid out in the factorial arrangement under randomized complete block design. Corms were grown in the open field under local climatic conditions of Faisalabad, Pakistan. Potential of exogenously applied (MLE; 30 times diluted) was evaluated. Treatments including spraying MLE at 3 leaves, 5 leaves, floral bud stage, one combination of these three stages relative to control with no foliar application. Application of natural bio-stimulant produced maximum height in both cvs. against T4. Both cvs. gave maximum stalk length in response to T4. The number of florets spike–1 found the maximum (13) in T1 compared to control T0 which yield (9) florets. Maximum vase life in sucrose solution (13.33 days) was exhibited by T1 for both cvs. while minimum (10 days) in T0. In cultivar comparison earlier spike emergence was observed in ‘White Prosperity’. In ‘Rose Supreme’ maximum corm weight was attained in response to T3 (43.43 g) while minimum (30.33 g) in T0.‘White Prosperity’ produced maximum weight (40.33 g) against T4 whereas minimum by control. The cultivar mean comparison showed the superiority of cormel diameter in ‘Rose Supreme’ (10.93 mm) than ‘White Prosperity’ (9.13 mm). In treatment comparison, T4 produced maximum diameter (12.04 mm) in ‘Rose Supreme’ moreover, T2 induced maximum (9.57 mm) diameter in ‘White Prosperity’.
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