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1

Urban flash flood in Gdansk - 2001. Case study

100%
Majewski W.
Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications
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2016
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tom 04
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nr 2
Gdańsk is an important Polish city and harbour situated on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea in the Gulf of Gdańsk, in the lowland delta at the mouth of the Vistula River. At present Gdańsk has 460 thousand inhabitants and covers an area of 262 km2. The population and the area of the city have not changed over recent decades. In previous centuries the city was affected by severe floods, which caused considerable economic damage and the death of inhabitants. Most of these floods were caused by ice jams. The complicated system of rivers and channels within the city and in its close surroundings is called the Gdańsk Water Node (GWN ). The possible directions of flood hazard are: from the sea (Martwa Vistula), and from the main Vistula channel in the case of a breached left embankment. Flood hazard from the catchment of the RC h was not considered by city authorities. In July 2001, a devastating flash flood unexpectedly hit the city of Gdańsk. The paper presents this flood as a case study, without reference to other floods of similar character. It describes the city of Gdańsk, which is an important economic, cultural, scientific, political and industrial center, the system of rivers and channels within Gdańsk which form Gdańsk Water Node (GWN ), the precipitation regime, the course of the flood, and its effects. A special project was formulated after the flood with the aim of developing the proposal of new hydraulic engineering solutions in the GWN and in the catchment of Radunia Channel to prevent similar floods in the city in cases of rainfall similar to that of 2001. The paper also presents the implementation of the proposed engineering solutions.
2

Design hydrological event and routing scheme for flood mapping in urban area

63%
Ravazzani G., Mancini M., Meroni C.
Annals of Warsaw Agricultural University - SGGW. Land Reclamation
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2006
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nr 37
15-26
3
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Modelling of the effects of land use changes on flood hydrograph in a small catchment of the Plaskowicka, southern part of Warsaw, Poland

51%
Banasik K., Pham N.
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation
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2010
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tom 42
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nr 2
This study concerns the influence of urbanized trend affected on the flood hydrograph in a small catchment in Warsaw. Based on recorded events a selected procedure for simulation rainfall-runoff process has been accepted for flood estimation. The Soil Conservation Services Curve Number method (SCS-CN) and empirical formulae for Nash model parameters, developed by Rao at al. were used to analyze the nine selected events from 2007 to 2009. The analysis confirmed usefulness of the selected procedure, implicated in a home developed computer program, for estimating flood hydrographs as responses of the small urban catchment to heavy rainfall events. Flood hydrographs were estimated for three various stages of land use. The results demonstrate that the peak flood flow would increase over eight times due to urbanisation of the catchment.
4
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Urban flash flood in Gdansk, 2001

51%
Majewski W.
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation
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2008
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tom 39
Floods in urban areas cause considerable economic losses and affect many people. Measures for flood mitigation in urban areas are primarily of an engineering character, however, existing city infrastructure very often restricts the introduction of appropriate new constructions. The city of Gdańsk is situated at the mouth of the Vistula river, on the area, which forms Vistula delta. It is the most flood-prone agglomeration in Poland. Now there are three possible flood sources. The first is from the moraine hills, in case of intensive precipitation. This area was recently rapidly urbanized. The second source of fl ood is from the Gulf of Gdańsk caused by storm surges and the third is from main channel of Vistula river in case of very high discharge or ice jam. The city of Gdańsk is situated within a complicated system of rivers and channels called Gdańsk Water Node (GWN). It is influenced by the discharge of rivers flowing from the moraine hills in the west, and from possible storm surges in the Gulf of Gdańsk. In July 2001 a severe flash flood, arising for the fi rst time from the moraine hills, caused by very intensive rainfall, hit Gdańsk. In the paper description of the operation of GWN, the flood cause, run and damages are presented. Description of measures, which were proposed to mitigate infl uence of a similar flood in the future are given. These measures were proposed on the basis of detailed field measurements, hydrologic analysis, hydraulic calculations and possible hydro-engineering developments.
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