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1

Serotypes and antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae from adenoids in preschool children with recurrent upper respiratory tract infections

100%
Korona-Glowniak I., Niedzielski A., Malm A., Niedzielska G.
Polish Journal of Microbiology
|
2013
|
tom 62
|
nr 4
We investigated children aged 2-5, who had gone adenoidectomy for recurrent and/or persistent symptoms of upper respiratory tract infections for prevalence of pneumococci in adenoid tissue. Serotypes and antibiotic resistance patterns of the isolated pneumococci were determined and also risk factors of pneumococcal colonization were defined. S. pneumoniae colonization in adenoids was found in 62 (60.2%) children. Serotypes belonged to 10-valent and 13-valent pneumococcal conjugated vaccines (PCVs) constituted 56.1% and 68.2% of the isolates, respectively. Decreased susceptibility to penicillin was found in 45.5% of isolates; pneumococci were resistant to co-trimoxazole (62.1%), tetracycline (43.9%), erythromycin (54.5%), clindamycin (54.5%) and chloramphenicol (31.8%). Multidrug resistant S. pneumoniae comprised 57.6% of the isolates. Antibiotic resistant pneumococci were mostly distributed among serotypes belonged to 10-valent and 13-valent PCVs. Good vaccine coverage among the isolated pneumococci confirmed that the introduction of PCVs in the national immunization programme may reduce the pool of resistant and multidrug resistant pneumococci in a community.
2

Autoaggregation, hydrophobic, and hydrophylic properties of Moraxella catarrhalis strains

100%
Janicka G., Mikucka A., Sekowska A., Zwierzchlewski T., Wroblewski M.
Acta Microbiologica Polonica
|
2002
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tom 51
|
nr 1
3

Biochemical phenotypes of Candida albicans isolated from the upper respiratory tract of patients with chronic hepatitis C

84%
Biernasiuk A., Halm A., Kiciak S., Modrzewska R.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
|
2009
|
tom 53
|
nr 1
43-46
The aim of this paper was to analyse the biochemical phenotypes of Candida albicans colonising the upper respiratory tract in 100 patients with chronic hepatitis C from group I (without antiviral therapy) and from group II (treated with peginterferon and ribavirin). The ability of the assimilation of carbon from various substrates (assimilation phenotypes) or activity of hydrolytic enzymes (biotypes) of 61 C. albicans isolates were estimated using API 20 C AUX and API ZYM microtests, respectively. Among 30 isolates of C. albicans from the group I, seven assimilation phenotypes and six biotypes were determined, while among 31 isolates from the group II - eleven assimilation phenotypes and five biotypes. The most frequently isolated assimilation phenotype in both groups of patients with API numerical profile of 2576174 comprised about 50%-70% of all phenotypes. The predominant biotype E belonging to the classification of Williamson comprised about 39%-50% of all biotypes. Our results and those from the literature suggest that C. albicans biotypes but not assimilation phenotypes may be related with some diseases. However, this requires further detailed studies.
4
Content available remote

Testing of cough reflex sensitivity in children suffering from allergic rhinitis and common cold

84%
Plevkova J., Varechova S., Brozmanova M., Tatar M.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement
|
2006
|
tom 57
|
nr 4
289-296
Cough associated with upper respiratory tract disorders is a common and troublesome problem in children and little is known about the etiology of this type of cough. This study examined the capsaicin cough sensitivity (CS) in children suffering from allergic rhinitis (AR) and upper respiratory tract infection (URI), comparing it with that in healthy children taken as controls (C). CS to capsaicin, spirometry, skin prick tests, and nose-throat examination were performed in 61 children grouped by the diagnosis of AR, URI, and C. The results, in order of C vs. AR vs. URI, expressed as a geometric mean (±95% CI) log10 µM of capsaicin for C2 (the lowest concentration of capsaicin in µmol/l required to induce 2 coughs) were: 1.8 (1.6-1.9) vs. 1.0 (0.8-1.2) vs. 0.48 (0.2-0.8), P<0.001 and for C5 (the lowest concentration of capsaicin in µmol/l required to induce 5 coughs) 2.9 (2.8-2.9) vs. 2.6 (2.5-2.6) vs. 2.1 (2.0 –2.3), P<0.05. We found that CS in children with AR, even when tested out of pollen season, was significantly heightened compared with controls. CS in children with URI was extremely high compared with both C and AR groups. We conclude that pathological processes in the nose of any etiology could cause a sensitization of the cough reflex with decreased cough threshold during asymptomatic period of AR. Cough also is enhanced by acute inflammation in the upper airways in nonatopic children.
5

Equine herpesvirus type 1 quantification in different types of samples by a real-time PCR

84%
Dzieciatkowski T., Przybylski M., Cymerys J., Turowska A., Chmielewska A., Tucholska A., Banbura M. W.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
|
2009
|
tom 12
|
nr 3
Equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) is one of the major viral agents causing diseases in horses common worldwide. A variety of techniques, including PCR, have been used to diagnose EHV-1 infections. In this paper, an attempt of real-time PCR has been described, which uses specific fluorochrome-labeled TaqMan probes for detection of viral DNA. This method does not require post-amplification manipulations, thereby reducing the risk of cross-contamination. The assay was sensitive enough to detect EHV-1 sequences in different clinical samples, as well in mice neuronal cell cultures. The technique was also very specific – there was no cross reaction with other human and equine herpesviruses. Compared to previously used nested PCR technique, the test was more sensitive and should be useful for the common diagnosis based on its specificity and rapidity.
6

Structural analysis of upper respiratory tract in Anas platyrhynchos (L., 1758) and Clangula hyemalis (L., 1758)

84%
Pierko M.
Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Biology
|
2010
|
tom 13
|
nr 4
7
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Content available

The perspective of immunoprophylaxis and selected immunological issues in the course of the turkey rhinotracheitis

84%
Smialek M., Tykalowski B., Stenzel T., Koncicki A.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
|
2012
|
tom 15
|
nr 1
This review article presents immunological issues in the course of the turkey rhinotracheitis (TRT) emphasizing local immunity mechanisms, both humoral and cell-mediated, in the upper respiratory system. Studies on the influence of the humoral immunity in the course of infection and vaccinations against TRT have revealed many times the absence of correlation between the titre of specific IgY anti-aMPV (avian Metapneumovirus) antibodies in the serum and in the upper respiratory washings and the immunity against the occurrence of the clinical form of the TRT. Considering the above, T cells are increasingly often regarded as the main factor involved in the upper respiratory immunity against the TRT. However, there have been just a few reports on the role of the T cells in the local immunity processes in the infection with aMPV in turkeys. Additionally, studies of the T-cell-associated immunity against the TRT have given ambiguous results. Immunoprophylaxis issues against the aMPV infections are a significant part of the work where the authors confront current vaccination programmes against the perspectives of use of the future vaccines against the TRT. Future vaccines should face the following criteria: absence of the risk of immunosuppressive effect and reversion of vaccine strains virulence, ease-of-use combined with the possibility of administration of the vaccine to the large numbers of turkeys. The leading role in future vaccination programs for birds against the TRT is likely to be played by the in ovo technique and the recombinant vaccines. Great hopes are also linked with the development of subunit vaccines against the aMPV.
8

Differentiation by random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) of Candida albicans isolated from upper respiratory tract in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

84%
Biernasiuk A., Korona-Glowniak I., Grzegorczyk A., Malm A.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
|
2014
|
tom 61
|
nr 4
9

Lymphatic tissue of mucosa in the respiratory system

84%
Dzialo J., Deptula W.
Advances in Agricultural Sciences
|
2010
|
tom 13
|
nr 1
10

Carcinogen: DNA adducts in tobacco smoke-associated cancer of the upper respiratory tract

84%
Szyfter K., Banaszewski J., Jaloszynski P., Pabiszczak M., Szyfter W., Szmeja Z.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
|
1999
|
tom 46
|
nr 2
Mortality connected with tobacco smoke-associated laryngeal cancer in Poland markedly exceeds the relevant epidemiological data from other European countries. The main groups of genotoxic agents considered as potential carcinogens present in tobacco smoke are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aromatic amines, N-nitro-soamines and reactive oxygen species. Aromatic DNA adducts, N7-alkylated guanosines and oxidative DNA damage derived from tobacco smoke exposure were detected in laryngeal and oral (tumour and non-tumour) biopsies, and white blood cells of cancer subjects. Further, DNA lesions were analysed to estimate the significance of such confounders as intensity of smoking, subject's sex, age, topography of larynx, cancer staging and genetic factor. The number of cigarettes smoked per day was found to be the main determinant of an individual's DNA adduct level. The occurrence of DNA lesions was established as a reliable marker of former exposure to tobacco smoke genotoxicants. On the other hand, a comparison of DNA lesion levels in various regions of larynx indicates limited usefulness of DNA adduct analysis as an estimate of cancer risk. For a better risk estimation one has to take into account DNA lesions in proto-oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes and the efficacy of DNA repair. Altogether, DNA adducts formation and removal has to be considered as a single stage in the multistep carcinogenesis.
11

Potential of Pasteurella multocida isolated from healthy and diseased cattle and buffaloes in induction of diseases

67%
Shayegh J., Atashpaz S., Salehi T., Hejazi M.
Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy
|
2010
|
tom 54
|
nr 3
Twenty-six isolates of Pasteurella multocida were recovered from cattle and buffaloes in Iran. The identification of the isolates was carried out using morphological and biochemical tests. Among eight different biochemical biovars, 17 (65.38%) of them were assigned to biovar 3 and the rest belonged to biovars 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 15. Capsular typing of isolates by PCR demonstrated three capsular types (A, B, and D), among which type B was the most common (46.15%) and was found in 10 (38.46%) cattle and in two (7.69%) buffalo samples. A notably high prevalence of Pasteurella filamentous haemagglutinin A (PfhA ) and transferrin binding protein encoding (tbpA) genes among three virulence genes detected by multiplex PCR were found. The high prevalence of these genes owning association of disease status among healthy animals showed high potential of the strains in induction of disease among cattle and buffalo herds. The results of this study imply that the role of environmental and host factors are more important than bacterial virulence factors (PfhA and tbpA) in disease induction.
12

Size of the upper respiratory tract with reference to the body in scaup Aythya marila

67%
Pierko M.
Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Biology
|
2008
|
tom 11
|
nr 4
13
Content available remote

Novel approaches to enhance pulmonary delivery of proteins and peptides

67%
Scheuch G., Siekmeier R.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement
|
2007
|
tom 58
|
nr 5
14

Morphological comparison of upper respiratory tract in mallard Anas platyrhynchos and scaup Aythya marila

67%
Pierko M.
Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Biology
|
2007
|
tom 10
|
nr 4
15
Content available remote

Use of over-the-counter medications in prevention and treatment of upper respiratory tract infections

67%
Baran S., Teul I., Ignys-O'Byrne A.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement
|
2008
|
tom 59
|
nr 6
135-143
16

Tolerability and efficacy of Bioaron C syrup in treatment of upper respiratory tract infections in children. Results of a post-marketing surveillance study in Poland

67%
Horoszkiewicz-Hassan M., Beuscher N., Lehnfeld R., Theiss U., Pfarr E.
Herba Polonica
|
2005
|
tom 51
|
nr 1-2
A post-marketing surveillance study (PMSS) was carried out in Poland with 313 childrei aged 3-10, predisposed to upper respiratory tract infections. The study participant received Bioaron C® syrup, containing aqueous extract of Aloë arborescens leaves, juice o Aronia melanocarpa fruit and ascorbic acid. The main object of the present study was ti investigate its tolerability and influence on the course of an acute URTI in children. Amon; the study participants 14% received Bioaron C® as a single medication and 86% of thi patients received concomitant medications. The efficacy of the treatment was measurei according to a validated symptom score. The best results were obtained for symptom related to rhinitis and bronchitis but there was no major effect seen on pain and fevei Within the subscores rhinitis and bronchitis Bioaron C alone was able to lead to ai improvement and could contribute to a reduction in particular of the single symptom blocked and runny nose, cough and hoarseness. Treatment with Bioaron C resulted in a sig nificant improvement of the symptomology of URTI. Bioaron C was tolerated very well.
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