The aim of the experiment was a FACS analysis of the immune response of porcine leukocyte populations involved in the infection of piglets caused by virulent, low virulent and vaccine strains of classical swine fever virus (CSFV). Twenty piglets were infected with Washington (W), Alfort (A) and Cellpest (C) strains of CSFV, respectively. The peripheral blood populations of leukocytes were analysed by the following set of specific monoclonal antibodies; anti-CD45, CD14, CD2, CD4, CD8, CD4-CD8-TcRγδ+, and anti CD19. Typical clinical and anatomopathological symptoms of CSFV infections were observed in piglets infected with W and A strains, the atenuated vaccine strain did not cause viraemia. In groups infected with W and A strains 40% and 20% of the piglets died, respectively. This was accompanied by a significant change of the leukocyte population. The percentage of lymphocytes decreased significantly 72 hrs after infection. Moreover, lymphopenia, the decreased number of В and T lymphocytes, as well as monocyte and trombocyte populations were observed. Contrary to those, the percent of granulocytes gradually increased. The number of the erytrocytes and the measured parameters of the red blood cells were not significantly different in comparison with the control piglets. At the beginning of the infection the percentage of Th and observed TcRγδ+ lymphocytes increased, then 96 hrs later gradually decreased, while Ts population increased till day 11 of the experiment. Piglets infected with atenuated strain reacted differently, compared with groups infected with W and A strains: an increased number of leucocytes, lymphocytes, granulocytes, trombocytes, as well as В lymphocytes were observed. The influence of the experimental infection on cell immunity were demonstrated by the increased number of T lymphocytes, especially Th population and decreased number of Ts population. The results observed during the experimental infections pf piglets indicate that the immunological response varied greatly depending on the virulency of the strain used for inoculating the swine.
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