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This study focused on site-specific preferences of potentially harmful cyanobacterium Gloeotrichia echinulata to occur in lakes with different ecological and trophic conditions. Its pelagic growth was studied in six lakes from June to September in 1986-1988, 2000-2001 and 2009. In total, 78 samples were taken from the epilimnion (stratified lakes) or the whole water column (non-stratified lakes). Analyses of phytoplankton and environmental variables were performed according to standard methods. During summer, a distinct maximum of the Gloeotrichia growth was observed in July or August (the warmest period). Bloom events of G. echinulata occurred in lakes where the light and oxygen conditions were significantly inferior while the phosphorus content remained on a slightly elevated level. The distinct domination of this cyanobacterium (above 40% of the total phytoplankton biomass) was limited to lakes with a high, moderate or even poor ecological status, and to the meso-eutrophic or eutrophic state of lakes. However, G. echinulata occurred in a broader range of ecological and trophic conditions of lakes. The historical approach to mass occurrence of G. echinulata, with its possible contribution to phosphorus translocation from sediment to the pelagic zone, suggested its importance as an indicator of progressive ecological and trophic deterioration of lakes. This indication should be very useful for establishment of main targets in water management.
An analysis of the species composition of zooplankton of Lake Gardno was based on the materials collected in the years 1998–2002, from July to August. It was found that the numbers of zooplankton species, their abundance and biomass were greatly variable, and depended on abiotic factors and lake trophy. An analysis of the structural characteristics of zooplankton as bioindicators of lake eutrophication revealed the presence of some species of rotifers and crustaceans in the zooplankton community, considered good indicators of lake trophy. The zooplankton-related trophic state indices enabled to classify Lake Gardno as eutrophic and meso-eutrophic.
The authors described and illustrated 8 rare aquatic fungus-like organisms of the order Lepto­mitales (Chromista), which were isolated from the water of nine water bodies of different trophy of north-eastern Poland: Apodachlya punctata, Apodachlyella completa, Araiospora spinosa, Mindeniella spinospora, Nellymyces megaceros, Rhipidium europaeum, Sapromyces androgynus, and Sapromyces elongatus.
The studies were carried out in the littoral zone of six lakes differing in trophic and biotic diversity. These were: L. Piaseczno - the mesotrophic lake with the well developed psammolittoral, L. Uściwierz - the slightly eutrophic lake with the psammolittoral and phytolittoral, the hypertrophic lake L. Głȩbokie Uścimowskie with the psammolittoral, L. Bikcze and L. Łukie - both the eutrophic lakes with phytolittoral, and the dystrophic L. Moszne - with peatbog phytolittoral. During the spring and the summer-autumn seasons in 1996-1997 the physical and chemical composition (temperature, electrolytic conductivity, O₂, pH, total water hardness, nitrogen compounds and phosphorus compounds) of water were investigated in the littoral zone in these lakes.
Chemical investigation of water from a 21 ha lake with a maximum depth of 32 m formed in a former limestone quarry south of Kraków, Poland was carried out. The lake is meromictic, with maximum values of O₂ in mixolimnion, and water homothermy noted in December. The important influence of the polluted Vistula River, flowing only in 600m distance that mainly infiltrates the quarry, resulted in high chloride content and conductivity value. Low chlorophyll a concentration and TSISD value show that the lake is oligotrophic, whereas the nutrient concentrations indicate slightly higher trophy.
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