Ograniczanie wyników

Czasopisma help
Autorzy help
Lata help
Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 34

Liczba wyników na stronie
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych:  toxic element
help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
Toxic elements often occur in the natural environment at doses higher than the maximum allowable concentration. The honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) is inextricably connected with the external environment, from which it obtains air and water and food. Bees are exposed to contaminants while collecting pollen, nectar, honeydew and water. Therefore, they are highly sensitive to all kinds of environmental pollution and water and air contamination. It is proven that there is a close relationship between the level of accumulation of heavy metals in soil and plants and their content in the bodies of bees and in bee products. Bees are good biological indicators of environmental contamination. At the same time, heavy metals accumulate in bee products that are later consumed by humans and animals. Research on the content of these metals in the bodies and brood of bees is extremely important because the increased use of chemicals in agriculture and other environmental factors, such as pollution with toxic elements, affect the health and mortality of bees. This paper provides an overview of studies on the harmfulness and bioaccumulation of lead, mercury and cadmium in the bodies of bees and on the impact of these elements on living organisms.
The spectrographic analysis of mineralized tobacco was carried out. A smoking simulator was constructed to generate smoke under standard conditions. The smoke of home-made cigarettes was absorbed in a previously tested absorbing system. The concentration of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, and Se, was determined in a mineralized absorbent, and the content of the said elements in tobacco smoke inhaled by smokers, was defined.
Since the mountains often represent a barrier for the pollutants in many regions, the concentrations of toxic elements in the tissues of alpine animals may remain relatively high and do not decrease in the current times. To estimate heavy metal contamination of alpine ecosystems Snow voles (Chionomys nivalis) are very useful monitors. They are small, easy to catch, have a territory of limited range, fairly short life span and they are closely adjusted to their environment The voles were monthly bait-trapped in the West Tatras, the Western Carpathians, Slovakia. The local population was studied at the Brestova mountain chain (49°13’29.43’’N; 19°40’46.07’’E, 1902 m.a.s.l.). The animals were trapped in September 2009 and from May to November 2010. The global sampling yielded a total of 50 samples (trapped and retrapped individuals). The lead concentrations in the tail vertebrae and the number of micronuclei in peripheral blood were examined. The Pb levels in voles were exceptionally high in overwintering mature animals (16.1 μg g–1dry weight in average) in comparison to young immatures (4.3 μg g–1). Females had significantly higher concentrations of Pb in their bones (13 μg g–1) than males (7.3 μg g–1). Snow vole adults caught in the spring exhibited significantly higher micronuclei frequencies in peripheral blood than immature ones trapped in summer or fall. Given that Pb is bioaccumulated in the diet of voles, this study showed that feeding on winter diet (mosses, lichens) could constitute a major pathway for the entry of Pb into food chain of alpine habitats. The usefulness of Snow voles as biomonitors of environmental contamination in alpine ecosystems was highly recognized.
7
84%
The paper gives a comprehensive insight into the role of zinc in the biosphere. It reviews numerous functions of this metal at various levels of the organisation of ecosystems. An attempt has ben made to assess its importance as a microelement, while not neglecting its toxicity due to excessive accumulation of zinc in the environment. Zinc is a natural component of the Earth's crust, but in many places it has accumulated in amounts near or above the safe levels. Currently, the use of this metal is very broad, and therefore attention should be drawn to possible consequences arising from elevated levels of zinc in the environment. Dispelling controversies surrounding heavy metals is a necessary step for gaining systematic and wider knowledge on these elements. This in turn will create an opportunity for the development of strategies and subsequent actions undertaken by everyone, from individuals to major international industrial corporations, aimed at achieving homeostasis in an environment polluted with heavy metals. Increased levels of zinc can adversely affect microbiological and biochemical processes occurring in the soil and the development of plants, which has a negative impact on the quantity and quality of crops. Therefore, low bioavailability of heavy metals, including zinc, in agricultural land is a key to the stability of ecosystems and food security.
V jídelně Vysoké vojenské školy pozemního vojska ve Vyškově bylo odebráno 13 druhů hlavního jídla. U každé porce jídla byla provedena laboratorní analýza, kterou byl stanoven obsah mikronutríentů (Ca, K, Na, Mg), obsah stopových prvků (Zn, Cu, Mn, Ni) a obsah toxických prvků (Pb, Cd).
The content of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, and Se in the exhausted smoke from various sorts of home-made cigarettes, was determined. Basing on the results of metals content determinations in the inhaled smoke from these cigarettes, the retention of elements under test in a smoker's body was calculated, and their toxicity in terms of environmental exposure, was estimated.
Metodą spektrofotometryczną z dietylokarbaminianem srebra wykorzystano do oznaczenia poziomu arsenu ogólnego w wodach naturalnych. Analizie poddano próbki butelkowanych wód naturalnych: źródlanej i mineralnej oraz wody leczniczej w opakowaniu jednostkowym. Zawartość arsenu ogólnego oznaczono metodą wielokrotnego dodatku wzorca. Stwierdzono, że wyniki uzyskane metodą spektrofotometryczną są porównywalne z wynikami uzyskanymi technikami sprzężonymi: wysokosprawną chromatografią cieczową i spektrometria mas z jonizacją w indukcyjnie sprzężonej plazmie ( HPLC-ICP-MS).
The aim of the research was to investigate the transfer of heavy metals (lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd)) and their antagonists in the group of essential micro-elements (magnesium (Mg), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn)) from the organism of sheep to the organism of their offspring in milk. The research was carried out in two stages. The control group consisted of sheep with healthy milk glands, while the experimental group consisted of animals presenting subclinical mastitis. In the first stage of the research the distribution of toxic elements, Pb and Cd, administered per os to the mothers was studied by establishing their content in blood and milk. A measurable indicator for evaluating the transfer of toxic substances to milk, in both groups of animals was the content of the elements under investigation in the lambs’ blood. The concentrations of Mg, Cu and Zn were also ascertained in the biological material collected. The aim of the second stage of the study was to evaluate the transfer of the heavy metals as well as the essential elements from the organism of the mother to the offspring through healthy and pathologically altered milk glands. The mothers were administered a mixture of salts of Cd, Pb, Mg, Zn and Cu, which activated mechanisms of antagonistic and synergetic interaction between the toxic metals and the essential elements, as illustrated by the content of these metals determined in the blood and milk of the mothers and in the blood of the lambs. A proof of a favorable influence of Mg, Cu and Zn on the content of Pb and Cd in the blood and milk of the mothers was a 4-5 times lower content of Pb in the milk of ewes, as compared with the first stage of the research. The per os administration of Mg, Cu and Zn to the ewes showed their statistically significant increase in blood as well as milk. The reduction in the levels of Pb and Cd in the ewes’ milk, observed in the second stage of the research, was corroborated by their decreased content in the blood of the lambs in both groups of animals.
High thallium concentrations were found in plants and fungi growing 0.5-2 km from the flotation waste reservoir serving the Bolesław Mining and Metallurgical Works in Bukowno. Rinsed pine needles contained 2.20 ± 0.72 mg/kg d.w. thallium, moss Pleurozium schreberi 4.89 ± 2.00, moss Catharinea sp. 12.65, lichen Cladonia sp. 2.80 ± 1.01 and edible mushrooms 3.48-4.76. Vegetables from a village (Starczynów) closest to the reservoir contained 1.28-3.70 mg/kg d.w. thallium. The inhabitants are threatened by thallium pollution. In natural conditions the element concentrations in biological samples usually do not exceed 0.0X-0.X mg/kg d.w. Only fruit samples from the studied area and all the control samples were devoid of thallium.
19
67%
Soils represent a considerable part of the natural resources of Hungary. Consequently, rational and sustainable land use and proper management ensuring normal soil functions have particular significance in the Hungarian national economy, and soil conservation is an important element of environment protection.
The last years due to intensive industrial development, increasing canalization, changes in technology of animal husbandry (mainly rapid growth of the amount of liquid manure) the quantity of waste-water and sewage sludge is nearly three times higher in comparison to the 70's. The most rational and economic way for their decontamination is the disposal on agricultural fields without harmful side-effects. This paper gives information about the system, elaborated for the regulation of water and sewage sludge disposition in Hungary.
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.