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The economic-political transformation of the Eastem-Central-European countries resulted in important changes, which did not leave untouched the agrarian sector either. In almost all the countries applying for the affiliation to the European Community, the situation of agriculture is a serious problem. The lecture-examining first of all the processes in Hungary - looks for the answer to the question, what kind of alternatives of the technical development of agriculture there are, in what extent the different solutions came to the fore or were ignored in the decade of transition. Beside the solution of the co-operatives, - in a manner of speaking - instead of it, the profit-purposive wage-enterprises with machines, namely a form with features of an enterprise, together with the machinery and farm-aiding club form, which operates on a non-profit basis, and is based on the utilization of mutual benefits, as well as the machinery association connected to the latter one gain ground increasingly. The different forms mean different cost of renounced profit, at the same time, the benefits of their spread are also considerable. These give an extra resource, which ensures the technical-economic development of the enterprises and their closing up to their Westem-European competitors.
After the political and economic changes of the early 1990s in Hungary, a large number of privatelyowned farms were set up, which continue to be plagued by structural and efficiency problems as well as dilemmas regarding the allocation of resources, largely due to unfounded and improvisative support policies. In Western European agricultural sectors, different forms of cooperation have been established and practised for a long time and have proven adequate; on the other hand, local adaptations are repeatedly unsuccessful because of the reluctance of farmers in Hungary. The study aims at exploring the relationship between the farmers willingness to cooperate and the characteristics of the farm, and at describing the factors or traits that encourage or discourage cooperation. In addition, the paper discusses the efficiency of the currently available forms of cooperation, and assesses the feasibility of a competitive agricultural sector based on the cooperation and association of farmers.
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