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This paper discusses different aspects of asymmetry of empirical distributions. An attempt was made to clarify the definition of such distributions and to identify some of the problems associated with commonly used skewness coefficients of As and γ and their interpretation and those yet requiring further research.
The time, within which accordingly to its application machine works, and an object of work and working groups are under load,is the effective active time. The purpose of the research was the classical and order statistics of effective active time of felling at use chainsaw. The average effective active time of felling of one tree was about 2 s. The cut trees were strong statistical diversified from the point of view of effective active time of felling. The positive skewness coefficient has confirmed, that statistical units with value of feature below arithmetic mean were prevailed – right-sided asymmetry.
In most studies of nest-site selection the data of habitat parameters are treated with analysis of variance. A basic assumption of this test is the homogeneity of variance. Here, we show that the nest-site selection process leads to lower variance of the selected parameters than in the case of random points which generally describe the available average characteristics of the environment. Thus, the variance should be accounted for in studies on nest-site selection and it should be treated not as a problem (as it is usually done), but as a source of additional important information on the selection process. Comparison only of mean values often does not lead to significant differences between nest site parameters and random points which may result from a small effect size (when animals select features similar to the general mean of available characteristics). Deeper insight into variance of the site parameters may elicit important results. We illustrate this issue with real data on nest site (islets and shores of water reservoirs) selection in the Common Gull Larus canus. Four (islet’s area, vegetation height on islets, vegetation cover on shore and distance to nearest shrub or tree on shore) from eight parameters were favored by the birds and, as predicted, their variance values were lower than of those not selected (vegetation cover on islets, distance of the islets to shoreline, vegetation height on shore and distance to water).
 A general dependence of the enzyme catalytic rate on its mass was revealed when a statistical analysis of 17065 records from the EMP database was performed. The estimated activation energy of the catalytic process decreases asymptotically with the enzyme molecular mass increase. The proposed theoretical model postulates the existence of an intermediate complex of the enzyme and the departing product. It allows for the explanation of the discovered mass-energy relationship, as an effect of the global enzyme-product interactions during complex dissociation. Fitted parameters of the model seem to be in agreement with those widely accepted for the van der Waals energy of molecular interactions. Their values also agree with the picture of the hydrogen bonding in the catalytic process and suggest that surface walk can be the favorable way of the product departure.
The work presents results of interdisciplinary research aimed at determining the accuracy of visual navigational observation made at sea. It presents the fuzzy function describing the error made during visual navigational observation, worked out on the basis of analysis of experiment results. The values of variables in the function depend on factors affecting the observation result.
The present paper concerns interactions between a set of objects, where the same components (fractions) can be isolated, and a standard object, which consists of arithmetical mean shares in these fractions. A method was proposed how to estimate the variability observed in the structure of a given object, as compared with the standard structure, as calculated with a coefficient of compatibility with the standard (CCS). According to the algorithm introduced, the coefficient value falls between ( 0.1). When the structure of a given object is identical with the one of the standard, the coefficient amounts to 0.5. If a growth in cumulative interest for respective fractions is more intensive as compared with the one of the standard, the coefficient amounts to less than 0.5, otherwise the coefficient is higher than 0.5. Applying the method presented, it was observed that the sowing material in the majority of pea cultivars, researched by the Centre for Cultivar Testing (COBORU) in 1995.
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