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In this paper the method of creating indices for description leaf blade roundness and asymmetry, based on division of the leaf into 10 equal parts perpendicularly to the long axis was proposed. Along each division line the distance between the midrib and the leaf edge was measured separately for the left and right site of the blade. Sum of all 18 measurements, 9 on each side, may be treated as an index of the roundness of the leaf blade. Differences between sums of all measurements of the left and right leaf site could be a base for calculations of various asymmetry indices, including indicators of fluctuating asymmetry. Indices obtained by this method are quite sensitive and may be analysed using standard statistical methods.
In the paper some methods for identification of the monotonic deterministic trend in hydrological time series were presented and discussed: the t-test, the Mann-Kendall test with corrections, the Theil-Sen estimator with the test based on bootstrap and the prewhitening method. The tests varied in assumptions on the existence of the serial correlation and the distribution of the variables in the series. Occasionally, when assumptions were not fulfilled, the tests led to contradictory conclusions. As examples, the applications to annual maximum and minimum flows were presented.
Ninety-nine different lines of the Doubled-Haploid F2 winter barley population W766 ('Angora’ x 'W704/137') were genetically fingerprinted using AFLP, microsatellite, morphological and resistance markers. A preliminary map consisting of seven linkage groups is presented. The map contains a highly distorted region on the long arm of chromosome 3H reflecting preselection of the genotypes for resistance against barley mild mosaic virus. QTL analysis of morphological and phenological traits yielded 99 significant QTL, with most traits (66.3%) being represented by a single QTL. The distribution of significant QTL over the chromosomes was very uneven, the bulk being placed on the long arm of chromosome 3H and no QTL being found on chromosome 4H. This possibly points to the presence of a strong pleiotropic gene on 3H or of a group of related genes that mask weaker effects that were found on other linkage groups as subsignificant QTL. Using two examples of detected QTL (for tillering and grain number), it is shown how the findings of the QTL analysis could be incorporated into an existing morphological simulation model of barley using simple statistical methods.
During this study quality and declared health features of probiotic yogurt milk were assessed. Using the methods of statistical analysis a tool was developed allowing verification of formulated statistical hypotheses. It was established that no statistically significant differences were present in the assessment of the number of microorganisms dependent on the dilutions applied. It was shown that the number of live bacteria in the product during storage decreases and that those changes are statistically significant. It was determined that the average number of live probiotic bacteria in the product in all samples during storage was significantly higher than declared by the producer m value and it indicated appropriate health quality of the tested product.
The purpose of this paper is to identify processes and practices of talent management and their implementation in Slovak context. Based on the theoretical knowledge base and current research questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain primary data. The survey examines the array of talent management processes and practices in Slovak organizations. The paper presents partial results of the survey concerning the embeddedness and implementation of talent management, more precisely, declaration of talent management strategy and synchronization of talent management strategy with the overall company strategy. When analysing the data gathered there were used descriptive and inferential statistical methods, specific correlation analysis, ANOVA and Student's t-test.
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The system of human activity, which is established by genetics and regulated by outer and inner factors, is associated with many characteristics which maintain the body in the best condition and ensure appropriate life quality. Objective. To evaluate of life quality among male shift-workers. Methods: Research based on a self-devised questionnaire, conducted among 700 shift-workers, followed by statistical analysis of the results. Results. Nearly a half of respondents (43.00%) reported that shift-work influences the quality of their family life. Remarkably, such an opinion was often stated by people with children (46.01%) p<0.05, the divorced (58.22%), married people (44.74%) and bachelors (25.33%), respectively. Fathers usually indicated lack of contact with their family as well as irregular consumption of meals (66.91%). Almost every third respondent noted that their shift type of work negatively influence their sexual life (31.14%). Conclusions. It was shown that shift-work negatively influences the respondents’ life quality in the form of deterioration of the quality of family life; the respondents, regardless of marital status, age and having children, most often complained about the lack of contact with the family and irregular eating with them; negative influence on sexual life, which was the case in one-third of respondents. In order to encourage healthy behaviour and increase the quality of life of people performing shift-work, training and programmes should be introduced. These would help shift- workers to adjust their work time to their family and social life.
We carried out experimental studies of a smooth submerged breakwater in a wave channel in order to study such a structure impacts on the changes of statistically and spectrally defined representative wave periods as waves cross it. We discuss the impact of relative submersion, i.e. the relationship between the breakwater crown submersion and the incoming significant wave length Rc/Ls−i, on the representative wave periods. The mean periods, estimated using statistical and spectral methods, were compared in front of and behind the breakwater: the two periods turned out to be identical. Based on the measurements of the spectral mean wave periods in front of and behind the breakwater, an empirical model is derived for estimating the reduction in mean spectral period for submerged and emerged smooth breakwaters.
The study was carried out in three Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) single tree plot half-sib progeny tests planted in 1984–86. Phenotypic selection was done in two ways: F about 0.5% to 1% of the total number of trees were chosen by the author on the basis of their appearance only, and Fbis on the basis of diameters at breast height and heights measurements and observations scored for individual trees. The best trees were selected on the basis of the index value weighing traits by their economic value. Genetic selection was performed based on both family index value (Wf) and tree index value (WT), weighing traits by heritability and economic value. This was done in four different ways: (A) The best trees were selected only on the basis of their index value (WT) with no attention paid to the family; (B) About 10 to 12 trees were selected in the best families, (both (Wf) and (WT) were taken into consideration); (C) The best 30% of the families (Wf) were selected and then equal numbers of best trees were selected (WT); (D) The same number families (Wf) as in the phenotypic selection were selected and within these families equal numbers of best trees (WT). The number of trees that were genetically selected was always the same as the number of phenotypically selected ones (selection type F). The selections were compared using a calculated expected genetic gain and the relative loss of effective population size. As expected, phenotypic selection resulted in the lowest genetic gain. Phenotypic selection generally conserved genetic variability, while genetic selection reduced it, especially when genetic gain was maximised. Phenotypic selection type F generally identifies the good families. The agreement of genetic selection with the phenotypic selection is low (0% to 19%) at the individual tree level. This is slightly better with phenotypic selections using measurements data (Fbis). Phenotypic selection is recommended only where information concerning pedigrees is not available. It can provide a simple and cheap way of obtaining material for future selection. Genetic selection method (A) where best trees were selected without any restrictions provided highest genetic gain and cause the greatest loss of genetic diversity.
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