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Phytoremediation as a promising technology for water and soil purification: Azolla caroliniana Willd. As a case study

100%

Banach A. M., Banach K., Stepniewska Z.

Acta Agrophysica

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2012

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tom 19

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nr 2

The environmental pollution resulting from natural resources acquisition is one of the most severe problems nowadays. New environmental friendly and economically attractive techniques are proposed, using the ability of microorganisms (bioremediation) or plants (phytoremediation) for detoxification of their substrate. Depending on the type of pollutant and the mechanism of its immobilisation (accumulation or decomposition), several techniques are proposed. The specialised plant spe-cies are called hyperaccumulators, e.g. Brassica juncia, Helianthus annuus, Nicotiana tabacum or genetically modified Arabidopsis thaliana. Azolla caroliniana Willd. (Azollaceae) is an aquatic fern occurring in temperate and tropical climates. Recently, some natural stands of it were found in western Poland. The fern lives in symbiosis with cyanobacterium Anabaena azollae which is capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen. Besides numerous application of Azolla in agriculture, e.g. as green manure, it was found that this plant possess a huge ability for phytoremediation. Our studies showed its ability for removal and accumulation of Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr, As, Ag, Pt and Au from waters (up to 100% of applied doses). These promising results open a new application of Azolla spp. for the purification of water polluted by heavy metals, for example as an additional step of wastewater purification.

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The role of biosurfactants in soil remediation

86%

Manko-Jurkowska D., Ostrowska-Ligeza E., Gorska A., Glowacka R.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

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2019

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tom 596

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Remediation of soil contaminated with cadmium

86%

Zaborowska M., Kucharski J., Wyszkowska J.

Journal of Elementology

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2015

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tom 20

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nr 3

The search for the best solutions to restore soil balance is essential for attaining a stable and sustainable agricultural development worldwide. This research, which makes a contribution to these investigations, focuses on four substances (two innovative ones: basalt flour, brown algal extract, and two classic soil improvers: finely ground barley straw and compost) which can potentially alleviate the inhibitory effect of Cd2+ on the soil environment. The following were analyzed: the activity of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase, counts of Pseudomonas sp., cellulolytic bacteria, copiotrophic bacteria and copiotrophic spore-forming bacteria, and the yield of spring barley. Cadmium (Cd2+) was applied as CdCl2 · 2.5H2O in the following doses: 0, 4, 40, 80, 120, 160, and 200 mg Cd2+ kg-1 of soil. For a more complete assessment of the soil, its biochemical properties and the counts of microorganisms were scrutinized with the following indices: RS – soil resistance, R:S – rhizosphere effect and EF – fertilization effect of the contamination alleviating substances. It was found that alkaline phosphatase is more sensitive to cadmium contamination of the soil than acid phosphatase. Cadmium did not exert any inhibitory effect on the number of microorganisms present or the yield of spring barley. Cellulolytic bacteria were the least sensitive to stress associated with the accumulation of high cadmium doses in the soil, whereas copiotrophic bacteria were the most sensitive microorganisms to the above stressor. The ability of cadmium-polluted soil to restore homeostasis depended on the type of a soil improver and the level of soil contamination. Negative consequences of cadmium pollution were effectively mitigated by straw, but less so by brown algal extract and basalt flour.

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Selected techniques of soil contaminated phytoremediation with the use of hyperaccumulative plants and trees

72%

Niedbala M.

Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Forestry and Wood Technology

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2021

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tom 115

5

Soil and groundwater fecal contamination as a result of sewage sludge land application

72%

Luczkiewicz A., Quant B.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2007

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tom 16

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nr 4

587-593

The release of sludge-born bacteria and their further subsurface transport was studied. The migration of bacteria was investigated in column experiments which were carried out under the conditions corresponding to naturally occurring extreme rainfall. Coal fly ash as well as coarse and medium grained sand, whose properties are similar to the soils present in degraded areas, were used as column beds. Sewage sludge was applied on the top of column beds in the quantity corresponding to the best land-reclamation practice. Clostridium perfringens and fecal coliforms were used as bio-tracers of fecal pollution. The obtained results showed the dynamic of bacterial cells' leaching from the sludge matrix, and the dynamic of their infiltration through the column beds to the effluents. The bacterial breakthrough curves obtained for the fly ash and for the sandy media differ significantly, reflecting the differences in transport processes and in the survival of bacterial cells. It has been found that the fly ash layer, whose thickness equals 0.80 m, can be regarded as an effective filter, which limits bacterial migration. When sludge is applied to the sandy soils, about 0.02% of the initial number of sludge bacteria can migrate downwards the sandy layer and can cause contamination of potentially shallow aquifers.

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Phytoextraction of cadmium and lead by selected cultivars of Tagetes erecta L. Part II. Contents of Cd and Pb in plants

58%

Bosiacki M.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

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2009

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tom 08

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nr 2

In the Department of Plant Fertilization, University of Life Sciences in Poznań, a vegetation experiment (in plastic tunnel) was carried out in which the substrate was artificially contaminated with cadmium and lead and three cultivars of Tagetes erecta L. were planted in it: ‘Mann im Mond’, ‘Hawaii’ and ‘Titania’. The substrate was artificially contaminated with increasing doses of metals: Cd – 0 (control); 1; 5; 10 mg dm⁻³; Pb: 0 (control); 100; 500; 1000 mg dm⁻³. The objective of studies was to investigate which organs of Tagetes erecta L. cumulated the greatest amounts of cadmium and lead, what amounts of Cd and Pb move from the substrate to the organs of the studied cultivars and whether the studied cultivars of Marigold are suitable for the remediation of soils polluted with cadmium and lead. The metals contained in the particular plant organs, after dry mineralization, were identified by the method of atomic spectrophotometer AAS-3 of Zeiss Company. In all studied cultivars, the highest contents of cadmium were found in leaves, smaller amounts were shown in stalks, while inflorescences contained the smallest Cd amounts. The highest amounts of lead in all studied cultivars were found in the stalks, smaller amounts in the leaves and the least amount was shown in the inflorescences The greatest contents of cadmium and lead were found in the organs of ‘Hawaii’ cultivar, both in the leaves, stalks and inflorescences. The studied cultivars of Tagetes erecta can be utilized for the remediation of soils polluted by heavy metals.

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Alleviating the salt stress effects in Salvia splendens by humic acid application

58%

Karimian Z., Samiei L., Nabati J.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

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2019

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tom 18

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nr 5

Salinity stress is a serious problem in urban landscape of arid and semi arid regions. To overcome the adverse impact of salinity, the application of organic matter and plant nutrients in the growth media for improving the plant growth is essential. An experiment was conducted in order to determine the response of Salvia splendens to salinity levels and also the role of humic acid in the salt stress alleviation. In the current experiment, five salinity levels (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 mM NaCl) and three humic acid (0, 100, 500 and 1000 mg/l) treatments were prepared. The effects of these treatments were investigated on some growth parameters, physiological characteristics and also biochemical compounds. The results indicated that the growth parameters decreased in saline-treated than control plants. Different salinity levels significantly affected relative water content, evaporation rate and also electrolyte leakage. Salinity caused the increase in proline, malondialdehyde, sugar content, DPPH, total phenol content and decrease in chlorophyll, compare to the control plants. Application of humic acid on Salvia splendens decreased the leaf area and plant height compared to the control plants. Thus, regarding the growth parameters, it is probable that the effect of humic acid on the biochemical compounds is similar to salinity effect. The findings suggest that sage is an ornamental plant sensitive to salinity and humic acid (in the studied levels) could not alleviate the negative effects of salt stress on this plant.

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The effect of dialdehyde starch derivatives on heavy metal uptake by maize

58%

Para A., Antonkiewicz J.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Environmental Development

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2005

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