The aim of this article is to present the current state of knowledge concerning the familial diseases of Chinese Shar-pei dogs, with particular emphasis on the pathogenesis and treatment options. Familial Shar-pei fever (FSF) is an autoimmune disease clinically resembling human hereditary periodic fever syndromes called familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). Hereditary predisposition to the disease occurs in 23% of the population of this breed, and it is due to the presence of mutations in a gene located within the gene encoding the synthetase-2 hyaluronic acid (HAS2) on the 13th chromosome. FSF is characterized by recurrent episodes of fever of unknown origin associated with elevated levels of IL-6 in serum. The most common complications of chronic inflammation include swelling of the joints, especially ankles, and organ amyloidosis, which interferes with the proper functioning of organs and leads to their chronic failure - and, consequently, to premature death or euthanasia.
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