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A simple spectral model of solar energy input to the sea surface was extended to incorporate space-borne data. The extension involved finding a method of determining aerosol optical thickness (on the basis of AVHRR data) and the influence of cloudiness (on the basis of METEOSAT data) on the solar energy flux. The algorithm for satellite data assimilation involves the analysis of satellite images from the point of view of cloud identification and their classification with respect to light transmission. Solar energy input values measured at the Earth’s surface by traditional methods were used to calibrate and validate the model. Preliminary evaluation of the results indicates a substantial improvement in the accuracy of estimates of solar energy input to the sea surface in relation to models utilising only traditionally obtained data on the state of the atmosphere.
Space-time variations in chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations in the surface water of upwelling regions along the Polish coast of the Baltic Sea were analysed. Carried out between 1998 and 2002 in the warmer season (from April till October), the measurements were targeted mainly at the Hel upwelling. Satellite-derived sea surface temperature (AVHRR) and Chl a data (SeaWiFS) were used. Generally speaking, the Chl a concentration increased in the upwelling plume, except along the Hel Peninsula, where two scenarios took place: a reduction in Chl a concentration in spring and an increase in autumn.
In this study we present calibration/validation activities associated with satellite MERIS image processing and aimed at estimating chl a and CDOM in the Curonian Lagoon. Field data were used to validate the performances of two atmospheric correction algorithms, to build a band-ratio algorithm for chl a and to validate MERIS-derived maps. The neural network-based Case 2 Regional processor was found suitable for mapping CDOM; for chl a the band-ratio algorithm applied to image data corrected with the 6S code was found more appropriate. Maps were in agreement with in situ measurements. This study confirmed the importance of atmospheric correction to estimate water quality and demonstrated the usefulness of MERIS in investigating eutrophic aquatic ecosystems.
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