Wyniki wyszukiwania - AGRO

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Sarcocystosis in ruminants of Iran, as neglected food-borne disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Anvari D., Narouei E., Hosseini M., Narouei M. R., Daryani A., Shariatzadeh S. A., Pagheh A. S., Gholami S., Sarvi S., Sargazi D., Saberi R., Hosseini S. A., Siyadatpanah A.

Acta Parasitologica

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2020

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tom 65

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nr 3

2

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Bluetongue vaccines in Europe

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Niedbalski W.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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2011

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tom 14

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nr 2

The article reviews the history, present status and the future of BT vaccines in Europe. So far, an attenuated (modified live viruses, MLV) and inactivated virus vaccines against BT were developed and used in the field. Moreover, the virus-like particles (VLPs) produced from recombinant baculovirus, and live recombinant vaccinia or canarypox virus-vectored vaccines were tested in the laboratory. The main aims of BT vaccination strategy are: to prevent clinical disease, to reduce the spread of the BTV in the environment and to protect movement of susceptible animals between affected and free zones. Actually, all of the most recent European BT vaccination campaigns have used exclusively inactivated vaccines. The use of inactivated vaccines avoid risk associated with the use of live-attenuated vaccines, such as reversion to virulence, reassortment of genes with field strain, teratogenicity and insufficient attenuation leading to clinical disease. The mass vaccinations of all susceptible animals are the most efficient veterinary method to fight against BT and successful control of disease. The vaccination of livestock has had a major role in reducing BTV circulation and even in eradicating the virus from most areas of Europe.

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Effect of Saponaria officinalis L. or Panax ginseng C.A Meyer triterpenoid saponins on ruminal fermentation in vitro

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Szczechowiak J., Szumacher-Strabel M., Stochmal A., Nadolna M., Pers-Kamczyc E., Nowak A., Kowalczyk M., Cieslak A.

Annals of Animal Science

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2013

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tom 13

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nr 4

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Secretion patterns of luteinizing hormone in growing mithuns (Bos frontalis)

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Mondal M., Rajkhowa C., Prakash B. S.

Reproductive Biology

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2005

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tom 05

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nr 2

5

History of BSE in Poland

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Polak M. P., Zmudzinski J. F.

Polish Food

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2010

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nr 1

6

Prevalence of the bluetongue virus antibodies in ruminants imported to Poland in 2008

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Niedbalski W.

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy

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2009

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tom 53

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nr 2

175-178

The aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of antibodies to the bluetongue virus (BTV) in animals imported to Poland in 2008, the calves born to bluetongue positive cows and Polish-origin animals kept together with imported cattle. From January 1 to December 15, 2008, a total of 25,495 samples of sera was tested using the c-ELISA and direct ELISA. Out of the tested sera, 1,511 (5.92 %) were found to be positive for BTV. The majority of seropositive cattle were imported to Poland from Germany (987; 65.3%) and the Netherlands (290; 19.2%). Maternal antibodies were detected in 129 (8.5%) samples of sera taken from calves born to seropositive dams of German and Dutch origin. The high number of seroreagents was the result of bluetongue vaccination implemented in BTV-infected EU member States in 2008. In conclusion, it can be stated that surveillance studies should be continued to monitor the actual bluetongue status of Poland. However, an ELISA for the differentiation of infected and vaccinated animals should be introduced to laboratory practice to determine the number of BTV post-infected seropositive animals in the population of imported animals.

7

Detection and genotyping study of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in sheep and goats in East-Central China

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Li W.-C., Wang K., Gu Y.-F.

Acta Parasitologica

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2019

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tom 64

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nr 1

8

Prediction of the nutritive value of wet whole-crop sorghum silage according to the INRA feeding system by near-infrared spectroscopy

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Kanski J., Pys J. B., Gorka P.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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2013

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tom 22

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nr 4

The aim of the study was to determine the usefulness of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for direct estimation of energy, protein and fillunits as well as organic matter digestibility (OMD) for wet whole-crop sorghum silages according to the French feeding system for ruminants INRA (1988). Fifty-eight whole-crop sorghum silages ensiled alone or with the addition of wheat bran, rapeseed meal, or whole-crop maize were used to create a calibration data set. Wet samples of silage were scanned using a spectrophotometer (570–1850 nm). The spectral data were transformed to the first derivative. For scatter correction, standard normal variate and detrending methods were used. The calibration equations were developed using modified partial least squares regression.The accuracy of each equation was evaluated based on the coefficient of determination of calibration (R2 ), standard error of calibration, and standard error of cross validation (SECV). High R2 (> 0.93) were shown for all parameters except OMD (R2 = 0.83).The highest SECV (0.62) was observed for protein units, but all errors were within acceptable values. The results of the study suggest that NIRS may be used for direct prediction of nutritive value of sorghum silages in INRA system units. Furthermore, these results suggest that the NIRS technique may be successfully used for direct estimation of feed units for ruminants in wet silages.

9

A dynamic simulation model of nutrient digestion in the rumen of dairy cows

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Petruzzi H., Danfaer A., Norgaard P.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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2002

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tom 11

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nr 3

10

Genes controlling resistance to gastrointestinal nematodes in ruminants

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Charon K. M.

Animal Science Papers and Reports

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2004

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tom 22

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nr 1

11

Study on benzimidazole anthelminthic residues in ruminant liver and kidneys by HPLC

100%

Unvermis E., Colak H., Tumer I., Ergun O.

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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2005

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tom 61

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nr 04

12

Incidence and clinical aspects of colon ciliate Buxtonella sulcata infection in cattle

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Tomczuk K., Kurek L., Stec A., Studzinska M., Mochol J.

Bulletin of the Veterinary Institute in Puławy

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2005

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tom 49

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nr 1

13

Particle retention in the forestomach of a browsing ruminant, the roe deer Capreolus capreolus

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Clauss M., Lechner-Doll M., Behrend A., Lason K., Lang D., Streich W. J.

Acta Theriologica

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2001

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tom 46

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nr 1

A combination of a flotation/sedimentation experiment and sieve analysis for the reticulorumen (RR) contents of roe deer Capreolus capreolus Linnaeus, 1758, a browsing ruminant, showed that there was no correlation between particle size and particle density. Large particles were present in both the sedimented and the buoyant fraction, which is in accord with the reported absence of stratification of RR contents in browsing ruminants. Comparative sieve analysis of roe deer RR and caecal/rectal material demonstrated that there must be some selective particle retention in the browsing ruminant as well, as a certain fraction of large particles in RR contents does not occur in the caecal/rectal material. These results lead to the explanatory dilemma that, while selective particle retention is observed, it cannot be due to the mechanisms known to work in grazing ruminants.

14

Coccidiosis of small ruminants in various regions of Slovakia

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Vasilkova Z., Krupicer I., Legath J., Kovalkovicova N., Pet'ko B.

Acta Parasitologica

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2004

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tom 49

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nr 4

Coccidian oocysts were prevalent in nearly 100% of goats and sheep from various localities in Slovakia. In goats 4 Eimeria species were identified: E. ninakohlyakimovae (in kids 40%, in adult goats 51 %), E. arloingi (in kids 43%, in adult goats 20%), E. alijevi (in kids 12%, in adult goats 21 %) and E. hirci (in kids 3%, in adult goats 2%). In addition, 2-6% of coccidian oocysts were not speciated. The mean number of oocysts per gram of faeces (OPG) was 5853 ± 12666 (min. 160-max. 31920) in kids and 2365 ± 4916 (min. 80 - max. 7920) in adult goats. In sheep 5 Eimeria species were identified: E. parva (in lambs 42%, in adult sheep 37%), E. ovinoidalis (in lambs 33%, in adult sheep 29%), E. crandallis (in lambs 14%, in adult sheep 19%), E. bakuensis (in lambs 6%, in adult sheep 6%), E. faurei (in lambs 3%, in adult sheep 4%); 2-5% of coccidian oocysts could not be classified. The mean OPG value was 11941 ±9048 (min. 2680-max. 48880) in lambs and 5250 ± 3412 (min. 880-max. 12280) in adult sheep. In connection with the occurrence of pathogenic Eimeria species, the total counts of selected enterobacteriae in faeces of both goats and sheep were also evaluated. In spite of the fact that in kids the mean OPG numbers were lower, the values of total bacterial counts in their faeces were 1-2 orders of magnitude higher than in lambs. In comparison with lambs, organisms of kids are probably more susceptible to influence of pathogenic Eimeria species. The total counts of selected enterobacteria genera in goats and sheep with coccidiosis were higher than in control groups. These increased bacterial counts might be affected by impaired immunity of the host. Other factors as feeding, breeding conditions and management etc. may be also taken into consideration.

15

Mastitis in small ruminants

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Olechnowicz J., Jaskowski J. M.

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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2014

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tom 70

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nr 02

The importance of mastitis in small ruminants is important from the point of view of 3 perspectives: economic (mortality of animals, treatment costs, reduced quantity and quality of milk); hygienic (the risk of infection or poisoning of consumers by consuming infected milk), and legal (definitions of bacteriological milk quality). Coagulase-negative staphylococci are the most prevalent pathogens of the mammary gland in sheep and goats with subclinical mastitis (affecting from 45 to 48% in sheep and from 60 to 80.7% in goats). Prevalence of clinical mastitis in small ruminants is usually below 5%. Several pathogens can cause mastitis, but Staphylococcus spp. are the most frequently diagnosed causal microorganisms of intramammary infections in goats and sheep. Somatic cell counts in milk of dairy ewes can be used to define subclinical mastitis and a threshold of about 200,000 to 400,000 cells/ml will accurately identify most infected ewes. In ewe milk somatic cell counts between 300,000 cells/ml and 1,000,000 cells/ml cause changes in the composition and plasmin activity, and suggest that milk secretion is in a period of transition from normal to mastitic milk. In goats infected glands also lead to an increase in somatic cell counts; however, increased somatic cell counts in milk are also caused by other non-infection factors, such as estrus, season of milking, milk yield or stage of lactation. A standard tool in the diagnosis of mastitis for small ruminants is bacteriological examination of milk. During milking of small ruminants there is usually a transmission of Gram-positive bacteria, mainly Staphylococci. Therefore, the control of mastitis in small ruminants should take into account the optimal milking routine and milking hygiene. In particularly justified cases and the large prevalence of disease antibiotic treatment should be administered in the dry-period.

16

The effects of feed blocks containing tomato and cucumber by-products on in vitro ruminal fermentation, microbiota, and methane production

84%

Romero-Huelva M., Martin-Garcia A. I., Nogales R., Molina-Alcaide E.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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2013

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tom 22

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nr 3

The aim of this work was to evaluate in vitro the effect of replacing 0%, 50%, 75% or 100% of cereal-based concentrate in diets based on lucerne hay with feed blocks containing barley grain or 650 g · kg–1 fresh matter of greenhouse waste fruits (tomato, cucumber, or a 1:1 mixture of tomato and cucumber) on ruminal fermentation, methane production, and bacterial and methanogen population sizes. The type of feed-block showed no effect (p ≥ 0.25). The level of concentrate replacement with blocks did, however, affect (p ≤ 0.042) the pH, CH4 concentration, organic matter degradation rate, total gas, CH4 and total VFA production, acetate/propionate and CH4 /total VFAs ratios, and molar proportions of acetate and butyrate, without changing (p ≤ 0.082) methanogen and total bacteria abundance. Increasing levels of concentrate replacement with feed blocks modified ruminal fermentation, dry matter and neutral detergent fibre digestibility, and had an antimethanogenic effect.

17

Multiple forms of pregnancy-associated glycoproteins released in vitro by porcine chorion or placentomal and interplacentomal explants of wild and domestic ruminants

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Majewska M., Panasiewicz G., Dabrowski M., Gizejewski Z., Beckers J.-F., Szafranska B.

Reproductive Biology

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2005

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tom 05

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nr 2

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The infection of reintroduced ruminants – Bison bonasus and Alces alces – with Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Northern Poland

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Karbowiak G., Vichova B., Werszko J., Damiaszkiewicz A. W., Pyziel A. M., Sytykiewicz H., Szewczyk T., Petko B.

Acta Parasitologica

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2015

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tom 60

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nr 4

19

New generation vaccines against bluetongue virus

84%

Niedbalski W., Fitzner A.

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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2018

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tom 74

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nr 06

Over the last three decades, a variety of approaches have been investigated to develop new types of bluetongue virus (BTB) vaccines, ranging from baculovirus-expressed subunit vaccines to live vector vaccines. DNA vaccines against BTV consist of DNA plasmid expressing different BTV proteins after inoculation of the animals. The recombinant viral vector vaccines against BTV are based on recombinant viruses that express desired BTV antigens in the host upon inoculation. Viruses such as vaccinia, modified vaccinia Ancara (MVA), capripox, canarypox, herpes, myxoma and fowlpox viruses have been used as vectors of BTV genes. The reverse genetics (RG) systems for BTV are useful tools for BTV vaccine development. Disabled infectious single-cycle (DISC) vaccines make it possible to restore virus replication and can be used for differentiating infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA). These vaccines are based on the production of a modified virus with a deletion in one or more genes that are essential for virus replication. Another approach for BTV vaccine development using RG is the disabled infectious single-animal (DISA) vaccine, generated by deletion of NS3/NS3a expression. DISC and DISA vaccines can mimic the natural tropism of the virus and can express BTV proteins at the site of infection. Important advantages of these new generation vaccines over the conventional BTV vaccines are their high efficacy as well as the possibility of applying them for DIVA. At present, there are a number of novel laboratoryscale BTV vaccines that could meet vaccine profiles required for different field situations. However, further development and licensing of these vaccine candidates for many BTV serotypes is needed in order to prepare for future BT outbreaks. To date, all novel BTV vaccines described in this paper are still under laboratory testing. They are not available commercially, and the time of their application in the field is still indefinite.

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Evaluation of methods used in vivo to estimate the transfer of amino acids and other substrates into the cells of mammary gland

84%

Cherepanov G. G., Makar Z. N.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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2010

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tom 19

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nr 2

183-194

In recent years some approaches were developed to estimate the parameters of transport of amino acids and other substrates into the cell in vivo using arteriovenous concentration difference and volume blood flow data with their recalculation according to kinetic model of the system: capillary - interstitium - cell. With the use of literature data and the own results the authors analysed the present feasibility of this method in the studies of mammary metabolism in productive ruminants The model estimates were compared with independent measurements (with 13С-amino acids), the verifying experiments were conducted and some unresolved problems and errors of interpretation were investigated. The method is recommended to study the adaptive shifts in the activity of amino acid transport into the mammary secretory cells during milk formation in various nutritional states.

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