Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 17

Liczba wyników na stronie
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 1 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych:  replikacja wirusow
help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 1 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
The article reviews the structure of BTV and the role of capsid proteins in the replication process. The BTV is an icosahedral virus with a genome of approximately 19 200 base pairs and composed of ten linear segments of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). These RNA segments are packaged in a triple layered protein capsid (88 nm in diameter). The outer shell of capsid is composed of two structural proteins: 60 trimers of VP2, which acting as a hemagglutinin (HA) is responsible for glycoprotein receptor binding, and 120 trimers of VP5 that mediate the release of viral particles from endosomal compartments into cytoplasm and undergo pH dependent conformational changes that allow membrane fusion and syncytium formation. The intermediate layer consists of VP7 - protein the major immunodominant of BTV. This layer surrounds the subcore (54 nm) which consist of 12 decamers of the VP3 protein (role in the structural integrity of the virus core) and three minor structural proteins: VP1 (replicase), VP4 (mRNA capping enzyme) and VP6 (RNA-dependent ATPase and helicase). Moreover, the viral subcore consists of nonstructural proteins: NS1, NS2, NS3 and NS3A, which participate in the control of BTV replication, maturation and export from infected cell.
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a hepatovirus causing infections in humans and in many animal species. According to the current knowledge, HEV strains have been classified in the genus Orthohepevirus, family Hepeviridae, which encompasses strains belonging to one of seven virus genotypes. Genotypes 1 and 2 have only been found in humans, while genotypes 3 and 4 have been detected in humans, pigs, deer, rabbits and mongoose. The other HEV genotypes infect wild animals. However, the full spectrum of animal species being the natural reservoir of HEV has not been fully recognized. The clinical course of hepatitis in animals is asymptomatic, and infections do not cause significant losses in animal farming. Unlike in animals, infections in humans, and especially in pregnant women, can cause serious health problems. The identification of new virus strains in the animal reservoir and the possibility of transmission of some animal HEV strains to humans make the issue of public health protection and food safety even more important. This article provides an overview of data on the prevalence of HEV infections in animals and their impact on human and animal health.
Marek’s disease (MD) is a lymphoproliferative disease of poultry caused by a cell-associated herpesvirus called Marek’s disease virus (MDV). The disease has a significant economic impact on the poultry industry. MD is the first oncogenic disease controlled by vaccination. Live vaccines are administered either to one-day old chicks or to 18-day old embryos. However, although MD vaccines target MDV replication in the cytolic phase and prevent lymphoma development, they do not prevent infection and replication of pathogenic strains of MDV. One of the important problems is an evolution toward greater virulence and the emergence of vvMDV and vv+MDV strains. The development of novel vaccines is necessary. DNA vaccines based on entire viral genomes cloned as bacterial artificial chromosomes (BAC) are considered. The genetic incorporation into recombinant vaccines of genes for immunomodulatory stimuli or vaccines from deletion mutants prepared from virulent MDV strains lacking vIL8 and gene meq are also under consideration.
Derzsy’s disease is a common disease of waterfowl poultry. The etiological agent of the disease is the goose parvovirus (GPV), also called Derzsy’s disease virus (DDV), that belongs to Parvoviridae family. The genome of the virus is represented by single stranded DNA about 5106 nt long with a molecular density of 1.38 g/ml. The disease occurs among domestic and wild geese as well as Mullard and Barbarie ducks. The GPV infection is spread horizontally through feces excreted by infected birds. There are no reliable data about transmission through the respiratory and conjunctiva route. The disease’s progress and symptoms depend on the age of birds and their immunological status. The incubation period of the disease is approximately 5 days in the case of fully susceptible 1-7-day-old goslings and the course of the disease is acute. Among older goslings the incubation period is prolonged to about 10 days and the disease course is chronic. Presently, Derzy’s disease is diagnosed among goslings older then 3-weeks-of-age with low levels of maternal antibodies. The most obvious symptoms are retarded growth and incomplete feathering. During post mortem examination the anatomopathological changes characteristic for Derzsy’s disease are found in the liver and cardiac muscle. The laboratory diagnostics of Derzsy’s disease is mainly focused on clinical and anatomopathological examinations as well as on serologic, virologic, and histopathologic examinations, together with the application of molecular biology methods. The only method of Derzsy’s disease control is vaccination with living vaccine based on goose parvovirus strain and with bivalent inactivated vaccine containing goose parvovirus strain and Muscovy duck parvovirus strain. Laying geese are vaccinated before and during the middle of the laying season, and the immunity persists during whole laying season.
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 1 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.