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Quality indicator of agricultural products

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These paper proposes a quality indicator of agricultural products. The indicator is computed according to adequate criteria represented by a number of attributes. As an example we present the quantitative assessment of several carrot varieties (harvest of 2002). We analyze the sensory assessment of carrots with the use of a traditional method and with the aid of the quality indicator.
Статья посвящена вопросу повышения эффективности выращивания сельскохозяйственных культур, за счет выполнения правильного выбора составляющих машинных агрегатов по техникоэкономических и технологических требований, на примере обеспечения реализации биологических возможностей озимой пшеницы.
This work was addressed to monitor some quality indicators content in commercial powdered infant milk formulas. Furosine, furfural compounds, vitamins (B1, B2, B6, and C) were determined in starting and follow-up infant milk formulas. Contents of furosine, total and free furfural compounds, and B group vitamins were assayed by RP-HPLC with UV detection. The contents of furfural (F), free and total hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in the starting infant milks were lower than in the follow-up formulas, whereas free and total F contents were not detectable in the starting formulas. The content of free and total F in follow-up formulas ranged from 0.77 to 1.86 μmol/100g and from 2.70 to 7.08 μmol/100g, respectively. Free and total HMF contents in starting milks ranged from 1.22 to 1.47 μmol/100g and from 5.79 to 8.34 μmol/100g, respectively. The content of free and total HMF in follow-up milks ranged from 2.11 to 8.20 μmol/100g and from 19.86 to 84.89 μmol/100g, respectively. Similarly, the furosine content in starting infant milks (ranged from 53.47 to 57.57 mg/100g) was lower than in the follow-up infant milks (ranging from 70.94 to 96.14 mg/100g). There were higher levels of B group vitamins in the follow-up milk than in the starting infant samples. The content of vitamin C was higher in starting formulas then in the follow-up formulas. These values indicated that there was no significant difference between the results obtained and the labeled levels. These results show that the type and contents of proteins and carbohydrates in commercial powdered infant milk formulas (starting milk, follow-up milk) play an important role in the course of the Maillard reaction.
Most lakes in Poland are shallow and vulnerable to degradation mostly due to lake morphology and landscape structure. Other factors, like discharged sewage, internal loading and human activities in the watershed are also important. During studies on Brdowskie Lake, water samples were taken twice a year (spring and summer season) from the surface layer and analyses of soluble reactive phosphates, total phosphorus, nitrates, conductivity, five-day biochemical oxygen demand, chlorophyll a, dry mass of seston and Secchi depth were undertaken. Brdowskie Lake is situated in Kujawskie Lakeland and its catchment basin covers about 155.3 km2. The littoral vegetation is dominated by reed bed with a minor presence of other taxa. The lake is very susceptible to degradation (morphology, agricultural lands, housing) and has several potential sources of pollution, e.g. Noteæ River, a nameless stream and summer houses. In general, water quality of the lake was better during the spring season, especially in terms of chlorophyll a and dry mass of seston concentrations. In 1997- -2006, the level of conductivity was very changeable with the maximum values observed in 1999-2001. Significant correlations between some parameters in certain seasons of the year were found, e.g. between chlorophyll a and Secchi depth during spring and total phosphorus and phosphates in summer. The impact of water level fluctuations on water quality parameters, like total phosphorus and chlorophyll a was observed. According to the results, the quality water in Brdowskie Lake is improving. After a biological wastewater treatment plant in the catchment had opened, the rate of salts flowing into the lake with sewage was reduced.
The objective of this study was to determine selected quality indicators and to evaluate the acceptability of traditional dishes from the Region of Warmia on the example of dzyndzałki z hreczką i skrzeczkami (dumplings stuffed with buckwheat topped with sour cream and bacon). The nutritional value of the analyzed dish was determined from the recipe. The index of nutritional quality (INQ) was calculated based on an empirical formula. To determine the correct balance of an exemplary daily meal, reference GDA values were used to supplement the meal with an additional dish – chłodnik. The dish was prepared three times and evaluated by flavor profiling. The dish was analyzed to determine its sodium chloride content, DPPH· radical scavenging activity and inhibition of synthetic LDL cholesterol oxidation. Dumplings have a high energy content of 305 kcal per 100 g serving, which provides 8.5 g of protein, 15.8 g of fat, 78 mg of cholesterol and nearly 35 g of carbohydrates. The dish is a very good source of sodium, but not enough calcium, vitamins A and C.The INQ values of the remaining minerals and vitamins were determined in the range of 0.5–0.7. The dish is characterized by a low antioxidant capacity (12.9%) and it is not capable of inhibiting the oxidation of synthetic LDL cholesterol (C₅₀ < 1). Dumplings received high scores in a sensory evaluation. The dish combined distinctive sensory attributes characteristic of its ingredients, in particular spices, and significant differences in quality indicators were observed between the aroma and taste of marjoram and fat. Atypical, foreign and pungent aromas or tastes were not detected. The results of this study indicate that regional dishes prepared with the use of locally available ingredients and traditional recipes can be a valuable component of the contemporary diet.
Проведен анализ перемещения материала внутри камеры при смешивании и определены качественных показателей комбикормовых смесей, полученных в наклонных барабанных смесителях с регулируемым расположением оси камеры.
Określono zmiany wybranych wyróżników jakościowych dwóch odmian pszenicy ozimej (Rysa, Mobela) poddanej przedsiewnej stymulacji laserowej (laser He-Ne), stosując 1, 2 i 3-krotne naświetlanie nasion. W ziarnie i mące odmian analizowano masę tysiąca ziaren, szklistość, zawartość białka i glutenu oraz poziom wskaźnika sedymentacji i liczby opadania. Uzyskane wyniki poddano analizie statystycznej. Reakcja odmian na naświetlanie światłem lasera zależała od krotności naświetlań. Dla odmiany Rysa stwierdzono istotny wzrost masy 1000 ziaren w odniesieniu do próbki kontrolnej. Wielkość zmian zależała od krotności naświetlań. Obie odmiany reagowały obniżeniem wartości liczby opadania w porównaniu z ziarnem nie naświetlanym. Dla odmiany Mobela po zastosowaniu 2 dawek napromieniowana stwierdzono wzrost udziału ziaren szklistych w porównaniu z ziarnem kontrolnym. Wartości pozostałych wskaźników jakości technologicznej badanych odmian ulegały modyfikacji po zastosowaniu stymulacji laserowej, ale zmiany nie były statystycznie istotne.
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