The set consisting of 42 forms of Triticum tauschii (syn. Aegilops squarrosa) Coss. gathered in the National Small Grains Collection (USA) and 4 forms from the collection of the Institute of Plant Genetics PAS was investigated in terms of resistance to powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici) under the artificial inoculation conditions. Out of all studied forms, 21 collection forms (45.6%) expressed resistance at the seedling stage and at the stage of vegetative development, but only in 12 forms (26%) resistance was expressed at the fully developed stage. Resistant forms formed clusters in terms of their origin from specific geographical regions. Under the infection promoting conditions, hexaploid wheat cultivars Igna, Omega and Tercja were already distinctly infected at the early development stages and were strongly infected at the fully developed stage. Two completely resistant forms of T. tauschii Coss. (151 PI, 152 PI) were crossed with a susceptible wheat cultivar Igna to introduce genetic material directly from genome Dt carrying resistance genes (omitting the generation of a synthetic hexaploid). The previously described crossing efficiency using T. tauschii Coss. as a maternal form was confirmed. Embryos from the non-endospermic hybrid cary-opses were cultured in vitro. The character limiting the potential of generating F₁ plants was high susceptibility of embryos to callus formation even at their considerably advanced developmental stages. Out of the produced F₁ plants as a result of the colchicine treatment allooctoploid genotypes were generated with the ABBDDDtDt genome, which may be used as bridging forms for the introgression of resistance genes into selected wheat cultivars.
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