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The appearance of cavum septi pellucidi (CSP) has been already connected with developmental disorders or with serious psychiatric diseases (schizophrenia, maniac-depressive disorder; aggressiveness or similar). During our investigation of CSP, group of alcoholics seemed to be interesting for investigation and comparison with the groups of schizophrenics and people with violent behavior: We obtained CSP in 205 out of 670 fixed brains (429 male and 241 female) of persons aged from l4 to 89 (mean ~ SD: 53.28 ~16.57), 85 cava belonged to our group of interest. Prevalence of CSP in aforementioned groups was significantly higher than in the rest of examined population. Only in the group of 20 to 39 years of age all kinds of obtained pathologies were present. Alcoholics with CSP suffered from cardiovascular diseases and died accidentally and aggressive persons were the only drug addicts in our examined group and they had the shortest life span. 34 out of 4l schizophrenics had no data about prior diseases and disorders and they were the ones who committed suicide frequently. Intensive demyelinization of corpus callosum and transformation of potential space between laminae of septum pellucidum to the actual one could explain the CSP appearance among alcoholics. To our opinion, cavum septi pellucidi might be used as an additional marker of organic brain changes in long term alcohol abuse, as a consequence of demyelinization due to lipolytic effect of ethanol, and lower cerebral blood flow.
Bivalent cations from brain influence many normal and pathological processes. Pharmacodependences are among the pathological processes were some bivalent cations are involved. The effects of these cations on opiate addiction are different. Generally, the links between intra or extra cellular concentrations of bivalent cations have modulatory effect on intensity of opiate addiction and symptoms of withdrawal syndrome. Calcium enhances intensity of opiate addiction. Our data show that magnesium diminished almost all symptoms from withdrawal in morphine-induced addiction. Manganese and zinc administrated during emerging morphine addiction in rat decreases significantly and specifically some symptoms during withdrawal syndrome. Copper doesn't influence significantly either intensity of addiction or symptoms from withdrawal syndrome if it is administered during expression faze. Alimentary intake or therapy with these cations may change intensity of opiate addiction.
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