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The aim of this study was to evaluate results of induction of the parturition with small doses of oxytocine in 9 mares. All inductions were carried out in mares after 335 days of gestation with clinically confirmed physical readiness for delivery. Initial dose of oxytocine for parturition induction was estimated as 10 to 15 iu. as an i.v. bolus. Total dose of oxytocine, the time from the initial dose of this hormone to onset of the consecutive stages of the labour and the vitality of the offspring were analysed. In 7 mares, initial dose of oxytocine from 10 i.u.to 15 i.u. was sufficient to develop properly all stages of the parturition. In this cases, the time from initial dose of oxytocine to the end of II stage of labour was varying from 25 to 40 min. In 2 other cases, according to insufficient labour pains, second dose of oxytocine was used, consequently 6 i.u. in the first and 20 i.u. in the second mare. In this cases manual help during II and III stages of labour was performed. All newborns during post partem examination had a high vitality score. Summing up, in mares in which the induction of parturition was carried out close to the term of the natural labour, the initial dose 10-15 i.u. of the oxytocine as an i.v. injection, is sufficient to initiate parturition with the course similar to the natural one and remaining chances to farther control its consecutive stages.
The effect of heavy metals emitted by the copper works on the course of parturition and post parturition was studied. One stated, that a heavy metals exhausted from industry, negatively influenced a parturitions in cows causing more frequent parturition complications, affecting post parturition excretion and delaying uterus involution. Results of study confirm the previous reports of authors concerned the negative influence of heavy metals on cows fertility.
The aim of the study was to analyse the course of calving in Polish Holstein-Friesian cows serviced with the semen of Belgian Blue bulls. Data for the researches was provided by the results of the calving of 155 cows inseminated with the semen of Belgian Blue bulls. The data covered both calving difficulties as well as stillborn calves. The cases of difficult deliveries in commercial crossing were comparable with those occurring in pure black and white herds. Out of 155 monitored calvings, 132 (85.16%) were classified as normal, 16 (10.32%) as difficult and 5 (3.22%) as very difficult. There were also 2 caesarians. The calving course was influenced by the cow’s BCS (body condition score), as well as by the calf’s sex and body condition at birth. Body condition score (BCS) had a statistically significant influence (p ≤ 0.05) on the calving course. The highest ratio (9.5%) of difficult deliveries was noted in cows whose BCS had been described as very good. The higher ratio of difficult calvings was observed in the case of bull calves. The ratio of difficult deliveries increased along with the calf’s body weight at birth. In conclusion, the occurrence of dystocia when the semen of Belgian Blue bulls was used was similar to that observed in pure Polish Holstein-Friesian herds.
The aim of the study was to examine the influence of twin pregnancy on the course of calving and the vitality of calves born after commercial crossing of Black-and-White cows with Piemontese bulls. The investigation covered the following: calving course (A) normal, easy without or with minor assistance, (B) heavy with personnel assistance needed, (C) complicated with vet assistance; calf vitality: (A) normal healthy, (B) weak, (C) born dead or died within 24 hours; and calf body weight at birth (kg). Twin pregnancies were shorter than the single ones by 2 days on the average. The longer pregnancy period increased the number of complicated calvings. Pregnancies finished with normal delivery were shorter by 3.4 days in case of single and by 3.7 days in case of twin pregnancies in comparison to ones finished with complications. Calves born dead or that died within 24 hours were delivered 3.5 days (single) and 4 days (twin) longer after the pregnancy in comparison to ones finished without any problems. In the case of twin pregnancies, 10.9% of the deliveries needed veterinary assistance; moreover, a lower percentage of easy calvings were noticed. As much as 20.3% of calves born after twin calving were dead or died before they had lived 24 hours. In the case of single pregnancies this percentage was only 0.9%. To summarize, it should be stated that in the case of twin pregnancies the ratio of difficult calvings increased, calf vitality was lower and their body weight at birth decreased. Longer pregnancy had a negative impact on calf vitality and increased its body weight at birth. Higher calf body weight at birth decreased its vitality.
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