The rapid global urban growth poses a great risk to the ecosystem services which are vital to sustaining and fulfilling human life. As an essential part of Fuzhou eco-planning task in south-eastern China, we identified the priority conservation areas for ecosystem services to allow a sustainable urban expansion. We modeled and mapped five ecosystem services (carbon storage, timber production, water yield, water-quality improvement and sediment retention) using InVEST and proposed a definition of priority areas for the conservation of ecosystem services. Priority areas for individual ecosystem services showed that 24% of the region was needed to produce 26% of water yield. Between 6 and 17% of the region was required to conserve at least 20% of other four services, depending on the ecosystem service of interest. In addition, scenarios for multiple ecosystem services conservation were developed using the ordered weighted averaging (OWA) method, a multicriteria evaluation method, to take the tradeoffs among ecosystem services into account. The results showed that, along with the decrease of the OWA risk, the overall areas and the areas at both of the conservative levels dropped gradually. Furthermore, two efficiency indices were created to evaluate the performance of different OWA scenarios. Study results suggested that the efficiency of scenarios was associated with the conservation threshold and OWA risk, as well as the spatial correlation among ecosystem services. In sum, identifying priority areas for ecosystem services in a spatially explicit manner, and analyzing tradeoffs between them, can help make land use and natural resource decisions more effective and efficient.
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