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The performance of the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (Homoptera: Aphididae) was studied on several Fabaceae species including: pea (Pisum sativum), broad bean (Vicia faba), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and red clover (Trifolium pratense). Alfalfa, bean and red clover were less accepted by the pea aphid than pea and broad bean. The pea aphid fed on the alfalfa, bean and red clover showed longer pre-reproductive, and shorter reproductive and post-reproductive periods. Alfalfa, bean and red clover also shortened and decreased fecundity of the pea aphid. Mean survival of the pea aphids fed on red clover and bean plants was reduced in comparison to pea aphid fed on pea and broad bean. The other studied population parameters: intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm), net reproduction (R0) and mean generation time were also reduced in the case of the pea aphid on alfalfa, red clover and bean. The study of aphid development and reproduction demonstrated that pea and broad bean are suitable host plants for A. pisum while alfalfa, red clover and bean are not. It is likely that the rejection of alfalfa, red clover and bean by A. pisum was caused by chemical factors in these hosts.
The paper describes impacts of the main ecological factors on the development of horse fly populations in the alluvial floodplains of the Danube River in the Pannonian plain. The study has been conducted from 2004–2009 in the four, water dependent, succession stages of alluvial forest communities of Kopacki rit wetlands. In total more than 23 000 adult horse flies of 22 species were collected by canopy traps that were placed annually during the flight season from May–September. The most abundant species during the study period were: Tabanus bromius with 47%, T. sudeticus with 17% and Haematopota pluvialis with 11%, respectively. Correlation analysis has confirmed the influence of the deviations from long-term average values in the temperature, precipitation and flood duration on the numbers of adult horse flies during the following year. A significant positive correlation has been found between spring and autumn precipitation and rainy seasons yielded more horse fly individuals the following year. A significant negative correlation has been found between the higher temperatures during summer, autumn and spring and the number of adults in the following year. The impact of the seasonal divergence from long-term average values in temperature, precipitation and flood on different species was not straightforward and different species have shown diverse correlation responses, either positive or negative.
The development of spider mite populations (T. urticae and T. cinnabarinus) as well as plant injuries on different croton cultivars were studied. Observations were conducted in commercial and experimental glasshouse conditions. The highest spider mile populations were noticed on cultivars Norma and Petra, the lowest on Golden Sun. Tetranychus urticae was the dominant species in commercial glasshouses. Croton cv. Norma was severely injured by T. urticae. The leaf damage index (LDI) for this cultivar was almost 4 after sixteen weeks of mile infestation.
In 2006–2009, a field experiment aimed at assessing the reliability of forecasting the development of Colorado potato beetle population with the use of decision support system SimLep 3 was carried out. SimLep 3 simulates Colorado potato beetle population development, based on the measurement of air temperature and results of field observations made at the beginning of egg deposition period. It was stated a complete confirmation between forecasted dates and real dates of egg maximum abundance, and the highest intensity of young larva infestation. Small differences between forecasted and real date of L1 and L3 appearance did not affect the usefulness of SimLep 3 system for effective potato crop protection against Colorado potato beetle.
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