Classical swine fever (CSF) is a worldwide economically important, highly contagious disease of swine. Poland has been free of this disease for the last 14 years. However, outbreaks occur in neighboring countries and create serious risks. Therefore, it seems essential to present the progress of laboratory diagnosis and vaccines. Since the CSF virus reservoir in wild boars is important for the infection of domestic swine, this topic has also been presented. The paper also describes diagnostic techniques for identifying the agents and serological tests for detecting the virus - it characterizes specific antibodies, including an assessment of their diagnostic value. Recent developments of CSF vaccines are discussed, including the live, lapinised vaccine, containing the attenuated Chinese C strain of CSF and marker vaccines, developed with the application of molecular biology and genetic engineering techniques. These vaccines, despite being less effective than the C-strain vaccine, enable to discriminate infected animals from vaccinated ones (DIVA strategy) when correspondent diagnostic kits are used. These detect antibodies which are exclusively characteristic for antigens of the vaccine strain or antibodies specific to antigens of the virulent CSF virus. Procedures of controlling CSF in wild boars were described including recommendations of diagnostic tests and oral vaccinations.
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