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Pollen beetle (Meligethes aeneus F.) (PB) is one of the most serious pest in rapeseed cultivations in Poland and in other European countries. The pest is known because of its high metabolic potency towards various toxins. Constant and strong selective pressure of different insecticides used to control this pest, has resulted in resistance of PB to many active substances. In connection with this situation, constant monitoring of pollen beetle susceptibility level to all recommended active substances of insecticides is necessary. The objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of active substances, most often used in Western Poland for PB control. Resistance of pollen beetle to some pyrethroid active substances and organophosphorous insecticide — phosalone and high susceptibility to chlorpyrifos-ethyl was found. Resistance of pollen beetle requires constant insecticide susceptibility level monitoring and using IRM strategy.
The pest-control values of pyrethroids such as NERAMETRIN 15 EK, VAZTAK 10 EC, DECIS 2.5 EC, CYMBUSH 10 EC as well as ACTELLIC 50 EC (a thiophosphate-based insecticide against rape-beetle) were tested in 3-year field trials at the Research Institute of Agroecology at Michalovce from 1989 to l991. The technical effect of one pest-control treatment with the pyrethroid-based pesticide NERAMETRIN was tested in two treatments with the pesticide mixture NERAMETRIN + ACTELLIC. The technical effect of all three treatments two days after application was from 77.7% to 81% and it was slightly worse when compared to the pyrethoids VAZTAK and CYMBUSH. Pyrethoid NERAMETRIN is comparable to other pyrethroid-based insecticides such as DECIS and CYMBUSH.
The effect of two pyrethroid ester insecticides, as well as their concentration, on the insect survival were studied along with the dynamics of the insect intoxication, as dependent on the application rate of the chemicals. The laboratory tarsal plate test, carried out in May 2006, was based on commercial formulations of τ-fluvalinate and λ-cyhalothrin instead of pure a.i. The study aimed at producing practical recommendations about the reduction of the application rate in the chemical protection of the oil seed rape (OSR) against the pod and the stem weevils and against the pollen beetle. The results suggest that the application rate reduction of τ-fluvalinate does not alter considerably the survival of the tested insect parasitoids, whereas in case of λ-cyhalothrin it is accompanied by an increase in the insects`survival.
Insects’ resistance to insecticides is based on genetical mechanisms created during the time of evolution. Selective pressure of insecticides generates a quick increase of resistance in case of numerous insect species. The results of presented research showed that three pest species (Meligethes aeneus, Ceutorhynchus assimilis, Leptinotarsa decemlineata) with similar control history, have showed a different level of susceptibility to esfenvalerate, acetamiprid and chlorpyrifos. To solve the problem of insect resistance to insecticides. the following requirements should be fulfilled: managing chemical plant protection, carrying out constant monitoring of resistance level and working out strategies preventing resistance phenomenon.
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