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The drying rate of five horticultural substrates depending on the dose of gel was evaluated in the experiment. Properties of horticultral substrates after complete drying were defined too. It was observed that the doses of hydrogel elongated the time of drying substrates; they remained wet longer, either after complete drying the water properties of substrates with hydrogel did not change as much as the substrates without gel.
Aura
|
2004
|
nr 11
5-7
Irregular rains are one of the factors reducing the agricultural productivity in Poland. The last few years were characterised by long drought spells intercepted only by torrential rains which cause leacking of fertilisers and pesticides. Irrigation systems are expensive and therefore unfeasible for a lot of farms. However, the alternative is soil mixers that retain moisture. The author looks into these superabsorbents, their chemical composition, non-agricultural uses, environmental implications and performance.
Investigations of the cultivated field climate and its complex evaluation require determining soil conditions in which the above research is based on. The maintenance of soil retention capacity, water filtration rate, gas exchange between atmospheric and soil air, and soil temperature dynamics are considerably conditioned by the physical state of the soil and its properties. The object selected for the study is located in the field of the agrometeorological observatory at Felin, near Lublin on brown earth, of a grey-brown type (Orthic Luvisol), derived from silt formations, non-uniform on chalk marl. Granulometric composition of the soil classifies it within loamy silt formations. Soil contains a medium amount of organic carbon (980 mg/100 g of soil) in the arable layer. The soil reaction is acid (pH 4.85), and the saturation of sorption complex with basic cations is higher then 50 %. Compaction of the plough-humus layer reaches on average 1.39 g/cm⁻³, and total porosity exceeds 45 % v/v. Field water capacity is higher than 26 %, w/w, while field air capacity is 7.9 % v/v. Wilting point of plants corresponds to water capacity at pF 4.2 and accounts for 5.8 % w/w on the average. The content of water-stable aggregates, valuable from the agronomic point of view, i.e., bigger than 1 mm in diameter exceeds 22 % w/w. The soil analyses did not show any signs of gleying or other unfavourable signs limiting the possibility of cultivation of basic plant species.
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