Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik

Antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and flavonoid concentrations of different plant parts of Teucrium polium L. subsp. polium

100%

Stankovic M. S., Niciforovic N., Mihailovic V., Topuzovic M., Solujic S.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

|

2012

|

tom 81

|

nr 2

Total phenolic content, concentration of flavonoids and in vitro antioxidant activity of twenty different extracts from the whole plant and plant parts (leaves, flowers and stems) of Teucrium polium were determined. The total phenolic contents ranged between 14.57 to 157.84 mg of GaA/g of extract. The concentrations of flavonoids varied from 6.48 to 139.87 mg of Ru/g of extract. Antioxidant activity was determined in vitro using DPPH reagent and expressed as concentration of each extract required to inhibit radical by 50% (IC50) values that ranged from 26.30 to 2190.75 μg/ml. The methanolic leaves extract contain the greatest concentration of phenolic compounds (157.84 mg of GaA/g) and showed strong antioxidant activity (IC50 = 26.30 μg/ml). Ginkgo and Green tea extracts were analyzed for comparison, and the results indicated that some extracts of T. polium were equal in activity with Ginkgo or Green tea and some appeared to have greater activity. The obtained results suggest strong antioxidant activity and large contribution of separate analysis for the maximum exploitation of active phenolic compounds from T. polium. Based on this information, plant parts of this plant are natural sources of antioxidant substances of high importance.

2

Transfer of magnesium in a food chain. Part one: Dependence of the magnesium content in flora on the geological origin of a site as well as age, part and apecies of plant

100%

Glei M., Seifert M., Schafer U., Anke M.

Journal of Elementology

|

2005

|

tom 10

|

nr 4 Suppl.1

34-35

3

A mineral profile of winter oilseed rape in critical stages of growth - nitrogen

84%

Szczepaniak W.

Journal of Elementology

|

2014

|

tom 19

|

nr 3

Winter oilseed rape is the key oil crop in temperate climate regions of the world. Yield of seeds depends the most on nitrogen management throughout the season. The evaluation of N status in the oil-seed rape canopy was studied in 2008, 2009, and 2010 seasons. The one factorial experiment to verify the formulated hypothesis, consisting of six treatments, was as follows: absolute control (AC), NP, NPK, NPK + MgS - 1/3 rate of total planned rate applied in Spring (NPKMgS1), NPKMgS - 1.0 rate in Autumn (NPKMgMgS2), NPK+MgS - 2/3 in Autumn + 1/3 in Spring (NPKMgS3). Plant samples were taken at three stages: i) full rosette (BBCH 30), ii) the onset of flowering (BBCH 61), iii) maturity (BBCH 89). The total plant sample was partitioning in accordance with the growth stage among main plant organs such as leaves, stems, straw, and seeds. Yield of biomass, nitrogen concentration and content were determined in each part of the plant. The study showed an existence of two strategies of dry matter and nitrogen accumulation by oil-seed rape throughout the season. In 2008, and partly in 2010 revealed the strategy of yield formation relying on relatively slow, but at the same time a permanent increase in nitrogen and biomass accumulation during the season. This strategy resulted in a high seed density in the main branch. The size of this yield component significantly depended on nitrogen content in leaves at the onset of flowering. In 2009 revealed the second strategy of yield formation by oilseed rape. Its attribute was a very high rate of nitrogen accumulation during the vegetative growth, resulting in a huge biomass of leaves at the onset of flowering. This growth pattern, as corroborated by yield of seeds, was not as effective as the first one. The main reason of its lower productivity was the reduced seed density, especially in pods of the secondary branch, resulting from an excessive nitrogen content in leaves at the onset of flowering. Irrespectively on the strategy of nitrogen management by the oilseed rape canopy, the best predictor of the final yield was nitrogen content in seeds. It can be concluded that any growth factor leading to the nitrogen sink decrease, such as reduced plant density and/or disturbed N management throughout the season, can be considered as a factor negatively impacting yield of seeds.

4

A mineral profile of winter oilseed rape in critical stages of growth - magnesium

84%

Szczepaniak W., Grzebisz W., Lukowiak R., Przygocka-Cyna K., Nawrot K.

Journal of Elementology

|

2015

|

tom 20

|

nr 2

A high yield of oilseed rape can be achieved provided an adequate supply of magnesium and sulfur in critical stages of yield formation. The magnesium status in canopy was studied in the 2008, 2009 and 2010 growing seasons. A one factorial experiment consisting of six treatments, set up to verify the research hypothesis, was as follows: control (C), NP, NPK, NPK+ MgS - 1/3 of total planned dose applied in spring (NPKMgS1), NPK+1.0 MgS dose in autumn (NPKMgMgS2), NPK+MgS - 2/3 in autumn + 1/3 in spring (NPKMgS3). Plant samples were taken at three stages: rosette (BBCH 30), the onset of flowering (BBCH 61) and maturity (BBCH 89). An entire sample was partitioned in accordance with the growth stage into main plant organs: leaves, stems, straw and seeds. The yield of biomass, magnesium concentration and its content was determined in each part of the plant. The magnesium concentration in leaves at the onset of flowering can be used as the first predictor of yield. The predictive strength of the magnesium content in seeds as the final yield predictor corroborated the hypothesis of the importance of magnesium for the seed sink build-up. An analysis of relationships between the magnesium content in plant parts during the growing season and yield of seeds can be used to make an ex-post analysis of factors disturbing the development of yield structural components. The main cause of yield reduction in 2009 as compared to 2008 was the insufficient supply of magnesium to vegetative organs of oilseed plants since the onset of flowering. It was documented that the degree of magnesium supply to a growing silique is critical for the seed yield performance, as noted in 2008. It was also found that any disturbance in the magnesium supply to oilseed rape since the onset of flowering led to reduction in the seed density, which in turn decreased the magnesium seed sink capacity, as the study clearly demonstrated.

5

Susceptibility of Sitophilus zeamais Mots. and Callosobruchus maculatus F. to plant parts of Ricinodendron heudelotii

84%

Epidi T. T., Udo I. O., Osakwe J. A.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

|

2009

|

tom 49

|

nr 4

411-415

Studies were carried out in the laboratory to determine the efficacy of powders from plant parts of Ricinodendron heudelotii against the storage pests Sitophilus zeamais and Callosobruchus maculatus on stored maize and cowpea, respectively. Leaf, bark and root powders were added as admixtures to 100 g of grains to assess contact toxicity, damage assessment, progeny production and grain germination. Results indicated that the plant materials were toxic to the two insect species with over 30% and 75% mortality for S. zeamais and C. maculatus, respectively. Observable damage level was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) lower in treated grains while progeny production by both insect species was significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reduced. Grain germination of both crops was not affected by the powders. The potential use of P. heudelotii in storage pest management is discussed.

6

List of plants, of which raw materials or herbal preparations can be used in dietary supplements

84%

Buchwald W.

Herba Polonica

|

2013

|

tom 59

|

nr 2

7

Suppression of growth of Fusarium verticillioides Niren. using strains of Trichoderma harzianum from maize [Zea mays] plant parts and its rhizosphere

84%

Sobowale A. A., Odebode A. C., Cardwell K. F., Bandyopadhyay R.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

|

2009

|

tom 49

|

nr 4

452-459

Three strains of Trichoderma harzianum (strain 1: IMI 380934; strain 2: IMI 380935; strain 3: IMI 380938) were compared for their ability to suppress radial growth of Fusarium verticillioides in vitro. Each Trichoderma strain was paired with the pathogen F. verticillioides on 9 cm Petri plates of acidified potato dextrose agar using three pairing methods. Varying growth suppression of pathogen by Trichoderma strains was rated and ratings were analysed using GLM Procedure of SAS. Growth inhibition of F. verticillioides by each of the T. harzianum strains was significantly different from control irrespective of pairing method (p = 0.01, R2 = 0.96). Higher inhibition of F. verticillioides was obtained by inoculating antagonist before pathogen even at p = 0.01. Mode of suppression includes mycoparasitism and competition for space and nutrients. Growth inhibition of pathogen differed significantly among (p > 0.0001) and within (p > 0.026) pairing methods. T. harzianum strain 1 had better suppression of pathogen than the other two strains when it was inoculated before the pathogen while T. harzianum strain 3 was better when pathogen and antagonist were inoculated simultaneously (p = 0.05). Different strains of T. harzianum could thus be employed as promising antagonists of F. verticillioides.

8

Impact of nitrogen [15N] application time on its uptake and distribution in spring barley plant parts

84%

Kalembasa S., Kalembasa D.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Agronomy

|

2002

|

tom 05

|

nr 2

The aim of the pot experiment was to determine the impact of timing of nitrogen application in the form of ammonium nitrate enriched with the 15N isotope, on the uptake of 15N by spring barley plant and its distribution in grain, awns, leaves, straw, and roots. 1.21 g of N per pot containing 10 kg of the soil was applied at two doses: 2/3 before the sowing, and 1/3 at the tillering phase or at the stalk-shooting phase. The distribution of the applied nitrogen, assumed as 100%, was the highest in grain (61.5%), and the lowest in roots (4%). The mean nitrogen utilisation coefficient value (%) measured with the difference method was 86.9 %, and that for the isotope dilution method 61.0%. Postponing the time of nitrogen application from the tillering to the stalk-shooting phase differentiated the nitrogen utilisation coefficient value, which was higher for the difference method than for the isotope dilution method and it amounted to +32.3% at the tillering.

9

The chemical composition and ruminal degradation of the protein and fibre of tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia harvested at different growth stages

67%

Zhang G. J., Li Y., Xu Z. H., Jiang J. Z., Han F. B., Liu J. H.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

|

2012

|

tom 21

|

nr 1

Samples of leaves, stems and whole plant of tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia harvested at four different growth stages (first rapid growth, slow growth, second rapid growth, and leaf-colour changing) were analysed for chemical composition and in situ disappearance of protein and fibre using the nylon bag technique. The crude protein content was the highest in leaves, followed by whole plant, and the lowest in stems, while the opposite trend was found for dry matter, NDF, and ADF. Moreover, the crude protein content of the three plant parts decreased during maturation. Effective degradability of crude protein was higher for stems (519.0 g kg-1) than for whole plant (353.6 g kg-1) and leaves (270.4 g kg-1). Effective degradability of ADF was significantly higher in leaves than in the whole plant and stems. Ruminal disappearance of nutrients in the three plant parts was higher during the first rapid growth stage than at later stages.

10

Growth inhibition of Fusarium verticillioides [Sacc.] Nirenberg by isolates of Trichoderma pseudokoningii strains from maize plant parts and its rhizosphere

67%

Sobowale A. A., Cardwell K. F., Odebode A. C., Bandyopadhyay R., Jonathan S. G.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

|

2005

|

tom 45

|

nr 4

249-265

Ability of five strains of Trichoderma pseudokoningii (antagonists) to suppress radial growth of Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) Nirenberg (=Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon) was examined i n vi tro. These were T. pseudokoningii strain1 (IMI 380933), strain2 (IMI 380937), strain3 (IMI 3809 39), strain4 (IMI 380940) and strain5 (IMI 380941). Each strain was paired with pathogen by inoculating at opposite ends of 9 cm petri plates using three pairing methods. Gradings were assigned to varied growth inhibition of pathogen by antagonists and analysed using GLM procedure (SAS). Growth suppressionof F. verticillioides by all strains of T. pseudokoningii was significantly different (R2 =0.98, p=0.05) from control in all pairing methods. It differed significantly (p>0.0003) among the strains in all pairing methods. Growth suppression also differed significantly among (p>0.0001) and within (p>0.018) pairing methods. Growth suppression was best when antagonists were inoculated before pathogen. Suppression mechanisms include mycoparasitism and competition for space and nutrients. T. pseudokoningii strains 3 and 4 had the best (p=0.05) growth suppressionof F. verticillioides and could be used as biocontrol agents for endophytic F. verticillioides in maize plant. This experiment was conducted in the search for resident microorganisms that might be capable of checking F. verticillioides withinmaize plant by competitive exclusion in subsequent experiments.

11

The quantitative analysis of polyphenolic compounds in different parts of the artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) depending on growth stage of plants

67%

Salata A., Gruszecki R.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

|

2010

|

tom 09

|

nr 3

A diversity of active substances that are in the artichoke plants includes it into the group of medicinal plants of broad-spectrum performance. The research conducted in the years 2006–2008 included valuation of poliphenolic compounds content in different parts of artichoke plants during vegetative and generative growth (roots, petioles, leaves, immature and flower at beginning of flowering). The total content of poliphenolic compounds in the reduction on caffeic acid was marked in dried herb with the spectrophotometrical method with the Arnova reagent. The content of poliphenolic acids (caffeic, chlorogenic, ferulic and cynarine) was marked with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The undertaken studies show that there are significant differences with respect to the content of poliphenolic compounds in different parts of artichoke plants. Definitely more total phenolic acids were accumulated in leaves during the vegetative growth (3.167% on average) and in young, immature buds during generative growth (3.730% on average). The chlorogenic acid and cynarine were the main compounds among poliphenolic acids. The content of poliphenolic acids was decreasing with age of plants as young immature artichoke buds had more chlorogenic acid and cynarine than mature heads at the beginning of flowering. The content of caffeic and ferulic acids in the artichoke herb depended on the growth phase of plants. Plants accumulated more caffeic acid in leaves during vegetative growth and ferulic acid in buds during generative growth.

12

Fungi colonizing and damaging different parts of peppermint [Mentha piperita L.] cultivated in South-Eastern Poland

67%

Zimowska B.

Herba Polonica

|

2007

|

tom 53

|

nr 4

In 2004–2006 there were studies on fungi colonizing and damaging different plant parts conducted. They were performed on productive plantations of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) grouped in South-Eastern Poland. Fungi were isolated from superficially disinfected roots, rhizomes, stem bases and leaves by means of a mineral medium. Fungi from Fusarium spp. including F. avenaceum, F. equiseti, F. culmorum, F. oxysporum were obtained in the greatest number from roots showing necrotic symptoms. The Phoma strasseri was commonly isolated from rhizomes and stem bases with symptoms of necrosis and tissue disintegration. Altenaria alternata was isolated from leaves showing symptoms of necrotic, irregular spots.

13

The effect of mangroves amendments to soil on root rot and root knot of potato [Solanum tuberosum L.]

67%

Tariq M., Dawar S., Mehdi F. S., Zaki M. J.

Acta Agrobotanica

|

2008

|

tom 61

|

nr 1

Leaves, stem and pneumatophore of Avicennia marina and leaves and stem of Rhizophora mucronata were used as the organic amendments at 0.1, 1 and 5% concentrations in the control of root rot fungi like (Fusarium spp., Rhizoctonia solani and Macrophomina phasoelina) and root knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica on potato. In pot experiments, germination of seeds, shoot length, shoot weight, root length, root weight and number of knots were signifi cantly increased when plant parts like leaves, stem and pneumatophore of A. marina and R. mucronata were used at 1 and 5% concentrations. There was a complete suppression in infection of R. solani and M. phaseolina when A. marina and R. mucronata were used at 5% concentration on potato. Maximum inhibition of knots of M. javanica was observed when powder made from mangrove plant parts was used at 1 and 5% concentrations. Powder from all plant parts, like leaves, stem and pneumatophore, was effective in suppression of root infecting fungi and root knot nematode.

14

Phytophthora cambivora on Alnus glutinosa: isolation and colonisation of plants

59%

Orlikowski L. B., Oszako T.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

|

2005

|

tom 45

|

nr 4

267-272

Phytophthoracambivora was isolatedfrom the bark lesions of two 10- and 15-year-old of analysed alder trees. Additionally, Botrytis cinerea, 3 Fusarium species, Mucor spp., P. alni and Trichoderma spp. were recoveredfrom diseasedtissues. Isolates of P. cambivora from six plant species, used for inoculation of alder seedlings andplant parts, causedthe development of necrosis. Isolate from Chamaecyparis lawsoniana was the weakest pathogen whereas those from Abies alba, Acer pennsylvanicum and Alnus glutinosa were the strongest

15

Biodiversity of fungi colonizing and damaging selected parts of motherwort [Leonurus cardiaca L.]

59%

Zimowska B.

Herba Polonica

|

2008

|

tom 54

|

nr 2

Studies on biodiversity of fungi colonizing and damaging selected plant parts were conducted in 2004–2006. They were performed on productive plantations of motherwort (Leonurus cardiaca L.) grouped in south-eastern Poland. Fungi were isolated from superficially disinfected roots, stem bases and leaves by means of a mineral medium. Fungi from Fusarium spp., Phoma spp. and Rhizoctonia solani were obtained from the roots showing necrosis and tissue disintegration. Phoma nepeticola was commonly obtained from the leaves and stems with symptoms of small, regular, necrotic spots. This is reported for the first time in Poland.

16

Iodine in the vegetation. Part 1. Iodine in the food chain - essentiality and toxicity

59%

Anke M., Groppel B., Muller R., Zerull J.

Żywienie Człowieka i Metabolizm

|

2007

|

tom 34

|

nr 3-4

Justus von Liebig (1842) introduced soil fertilization with nitrogen and improved the importation of Chile saltpetre, which contained iodine up to 1 g/kg and increased the iodine content of the food. World War I stopped nitrogen fertilization in Germany, resulting in iodine deficiency. After World War II, East Germany imported fish meal from Peru, which satisfies the iodine requirement of farm animals and - via milk and eggs - that of man. After the end of fish meal importation, iodine deficiency reappeared. The iodine contents of most rocks vary from 0.01 - 0.50 mg/kg in the ultramafic rocks to 2 - 6 mg/kg in shales. Worldwide, the iodine concentration in soils varies between < 0.1 and 10 mg I/kg dry matter (DM), with an average of 2.8 mg/kg DM. Ocean water is rich in iodine, which gets back to the continents with the rain as diiodine methane, 8-10 µg/L near the coast and < 1 µg/L in the European Alps. The vegetation of the Holocene riverside soils is relatively rich in iodine, whereas that growing on Triassic sediments is extremely iodine-poor. Iodine is delivered to the food chain of animals and man through contamination of feeds and foods. The iodine concentration of the flora decreases with increasing age of the annual plants. Flowers, fruits, seeds, pulps and all starch- and sugar-rich parts of plants are poor in iodine. All baked goods contain low iodine amounts.

17

Plonowanie i skład chemiczny kilku odmian Amaranthusa w zależności od przedsiewnej stymulacji nasion

51%

Wojcik S.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

|

2009

|

tom 542

|

nr 2

W latach 2006-2008 w Gospodarstwie Doświadczalnym Felin przeprowadzono badania polowe, których celem było porównanie wzrostu, rozwoju i plonowania niektórych odmian amaranthusa w zależności od przedsiewnej stymulacji nasion. Doświadczenie prowadzono metodą bloków losowanych. Powierzchnia poletka do zbioru wynosiła 33 m2. W doświadczeniu badano trzy odmiany amaranthusa: Rawę, Aztek i Ultra oraz dwa rodzaje nasion: kontrolne oraz nasiona poddane przedsiewnej stymulacji światłem generatora fal elektromagnetycznych w czasie spadku swobodnego przez wiązkę światła, którą wykonywano w dniu poprzedzającym wysiew. Najbardziej plenną była odmiana Aztek (3,29 t∙ha-1). Odmiana Rawa plonowała na poziomie 2,34 t∙ha-1, zaś odmiana Ultra wydala plon 2,06 t∙ha-1. W trzyleciu stymulacja światłem zwiększała plon nasion wszystkich badanych odmian. Skład chemiczny w największym stopniu zależał od części rośliny. Największą zawartością boru charakteryzowały się liście (62,6 mg∙kg-1 s.m.). Plewki i osadki zawierały podobną ilość omawianego składnika; odpowiednio 51,5 i 43,2 mg∙kg-1 s.m.). Zawartość boru w łodygach była niemal trzykrotnie niższa niż w liściach (21,2 mg∙kg-1 s.m.). Największą zawartość Zn, Mn, Pb i Cd określono w liściach, najwięcej miedzi zawierały nasiona (5,54 mg∙kg-1 s.m., żelaza i chromu było najwięcej w plewkach (odpowiednio 338 i 1,05 mg∙kg-1 s.m., natomiast największą procentową zawartością niklu odznaczały się łodygi (5,10 mg∙kg-1 s.m.). Nasiona amaranthusa charakteryzowały się najniższą zawartością boru (10,0 mg∙kg-1 s.m.), ołowiu (0,412 mg∙kg-1 s.m.), kadmu (0,072 mg∙kg-1 s.m.) i niklu (1,17 mg∙kg-1 s.m).

Ograniczanie wyników

Antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and flavonoid concentrations of different plant parts of Teucrium polium L. subsp. polium

Transfer of magnesium in a food chain. Part one: Dependence of the magnesium content in flora on the geological origin of a site as well as age, part and apecies of plant

A mineral profile of winter oilseed rape in critical stages of growth - nitrogen

A mineral profile of winter oilseed rape in critical stages of growth - magnesium

Susceptibility of Sitophilus zeamais Mots. and Callosobruchus maculatus F. to plant parts of Ricinodendron heudelotii

List of plants, of which raw materials or herbal preparations can be used in dietary supplements

Suppression of growth of Fusarium verticillioides Niren. using strains of Trichoderma harzianum from maize [Zea mays] plant parts and its rhizosphere

Impact of nitrogen [15N] application time on its uptake and distribution in spring barley plant parts

The chemical composition and ruminal degradation of the protein and fibre of tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia harvested at different growth stages

Growth inhibition of Fusarium verticillioides [Sacc.] Nirenberg by isolates of Trichoderma pseudokoningii strains from maize plant parts and its rhizosphere

The quantitative analysis of polyphenolic compounds in different parts of the artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) depending on growth stage of plants

Fungi colonizing and damaging different parts of peppermint [Mentha piperita L.] cultivated in South-Eastern Poland

The effect of mangroves amendments to soil on root rot and root knot of potato [Solanum tuberosum L.]

Phytophthora cambivora on Alnus glutinosa: isolation and colonisation of plants

Biodiversity of fungi colonizing and damaging selected parts of motherwort [Leonurus cardiaca L.]

Iodine in the vegetation. Part 1. Iodine in the food chain - essentiality and toxicity

Plonowanie i skład chemiczny kilku odmian Amaranthusa w zależności od przedsiewnej stymulacji nasion