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The impact of water stress was analysed in the xero-halophyte Mediterranean shrub Atriplex halimus using two Tunisian populations originating from a subhumid coastal site (Monastir) or from a semi-arid area (Kairouan). Seedlings were exposed for 10 days to nutrient solution containing either 0 or 15% polyethylene glycol. Water potential (Ψw), osmotic potential (Ψs), osmotic potential at full turgor [Ψs(100)], relative water content (RWC), shoot dry weight (DW) and changes in solute concentrations were quantified every 2 days throughout the stress period and inorganic solutes contents were determined at the end of the treatment. The water deficit induced a decrease in Ψw, Ψs and RWC in both populations, recorded changes being higher in plants of Monastir than those of Kairouan while the shoot dry weight was reduced in a similar extent in stressed plants from both populations. Water deficit induced an increase in proline, glycinebetaine and sugar concentrations. Proline accumulated as early as after the 24-h stress treatment while, glycinebetaine required more than 6 days of stress to accumulate. At the end of the stress period, the plants of Kairouan population accumulated higher amounts of proline than those of Monastir, while an opposite trend was reported for glycinebetaine. Both populations specifically accumulated Na⁺ in response to drought stress, suggesting that this element could play a physiological role in the stress response of this xero-halophyte species. Presented results suggest that the non-recyclable osmotic solute glycinebetaine does not necessarily preferentially accumulates in population facing permanent water stress and that other strategy than osmotic adjustment might be involved in drought tolerance of A. halimus.
The paper presents ten new localities of Orobanche pallidiflora Wimm. & Grab. from Poland (Middle Roztocze, Równina Bełska plain, Wyżyna Malopolska upland, Góry Kaczawskie Mts and Western Bieszczady Mts). Information on hosts, abundance and habitat preferences at the new localities is given and a supplemented map of the distribution in Poland is included.
In order to enable migration of plants and animals between various distant ecosystems, it is necessary to maintain ecological corridors between them. Spatial planning, especially that on the local level where spatial shaping methods are directly regulated, plays an important role here.
Plant communities which form orchard edges are a vital element of ecological infrastructure enriching these agrocenoses. The research was conducted in an orchard environment made up of apple orchards and their edges in the form of agricultural cultivations, tree clumps and a road lined with trees and shrubberies. The study aim was to determine the impact of the orchard edge plant diversity onto the number and abundance of Ichneumonidae subfamilies in the orchards. The study showed that orchard environments made up of an apple orchard and edge plants of various species create better living conditions for Ichneumonidae parasitoids than the environment of an orchard and neighbouring agricultural cultivations. The diversity of orchard edge plants positively influences the abundance of the Ichneumonidae subfamilies rather than the number of subfamilies in the orchard. In the orchard habitat the following dominant subfamilies were found: Campopleginae, Cryptinae, Orthocentrinae and Pimplinae. These entomophages may control the abundance of pests infesting orchards.
The paper presents the current flora of vascular plants of selected spoil heaps and sedimentation tanks of two coal mines in Wałbrzych.
In this paper, mathematical values of habitats’ properties (waters and bottoms) of Juncus bulbosus communities (and others) are compared. Statistical analyses gave new information about an amplitude of some factors (19 properties for waters and 15 for bottoms). The study has confirmed that bulbous rush may also grow in eutrophic waters (it usually exists in oligotrophic, lobelian lakes or mesotrophic waters). An interesting fact was to find this species within habitats with a large content of calcium ions (systematic and floristic monographs state that this species avoids calcium ions). The rest of tested factors were also analysed. The results have shown that Juncus bulbosus phytocoenoses from Wrocław and its environs are very specific – they refer rather to communities of Potametea than to Littorelletea uniflorae class.
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