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Effects of mesotrophic lake water enrichment with organic phosphorus and nitrogen substrates (DNA and model protein, bovine serum albumin - BSA) on dynamics and diversity of natural microbial communities (bacteria, heterotrophic nanoflagellates, ciliates) were studied in mesocosm experiments. Simultaneous enrichment with DNA and BSA strongly increased the abundance and biomass of all studied groups of microorganisms and induced changes in their morphological and taxonomic structure. The increased participation of large heterotrophic nanoflagellates cells (larger than 10 μm) in their total numbers and shifts in taxonomic and trophic Structure of the ciliates, from algivorous to small bacterivorous, species were observed. Grazing caused changes in bacterial size distribution in all enriched mesocosms. Large (10-50 μm) filamentous bacteria significantly contributed to the total bacterial numbers and biomass. Pronounced increase in populations of (β- and γ-Proteobacteria was found in lake water enriched with organic P and N sources, whereas α-Pmteobacteria did not change markedly in the studied mesocosms. DNA additions stimulated the rates of bacterial secondary production. BSA shortened the rates of bacterial biomass turnover in lake water. Relatively high and constant (~ 30%) percentage contribution of active bacteria (MEM+) in two mesocosms enriched with DNA and DNA+BSA suggested the important role of nucleic acids as a source of phosphorus for bacterial growth, activity and production. Numerous and statistically significant correlations between bacteria and protists indicated the direct and selective predator-prey relationship.
The Grošnica Reservoir is the oldest water-supply reservoir in Serbia. Investigations carried out monthly during the two-year period of 1996-98 revealed certain changes of some chemical and biological characteristics in relation to investigations performed almost 50 years earlier. Changes were noticed in composition of the plankton community and in some physical and chemical parameters. Although it could be expected that eutrophication would occur in time, the results do not confirm it. Total P, Secchi disk, and chlorophyll α values indicate that the Grošnica Reservoir belongs to the category of mesotrophic waters. The noticed differences can be attributed to raising of the dam's height and increasing the lake’s volume, resulting in reduction of the influence of turbid currents, as well as to forestation of the reservoir's banks.
The circulation of Atlantic water along the European continental slope, in particular the inflow into the North Sea, influences North Sea water characteristics with consequent changes in the environment affecting plankton community dynamics. The long-term effect of fluctuating oceanographic conditions on the North Sea pelagic ecosystem is assessed. It is shown that (i) there are similar regime shifts in the inflow through the northern North Sea and in Sea Surface Temperature, (ii) long-term phytoplankton trends are influenced by the inflow only in some North Sea regions, and (iii) the spatial variability in chemicophysical and biological parameters highlight the influence of smaller scale processes.
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