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Activity of beta-glucosidase, arylsulfatase and phosphatases in soil contaminated with copper

100%

Wyszkowska J., Kucharski M., Kucharski J.

Journal of Elementology

|

2010

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tom 15

|

nr 1

213-226

A pot experiment was carried out to determine the effect of soil (loamy sand and sandy loam) contamination with copper doses of 0, 150, 450 mg Cu·kg-1 d.m. soil on the activity of β-glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.21), acid phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.2), alkaline phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.1) and arylsulfatase (EC 3.1.6.1) in soil. The resistance of these enzymes to copper pollution was also estimated. Soil samples were contaminated with copper chloride. The experiment was carried out in five replications, in two series. The first series was performed on uncropped soil and the second one — on cropped soil. The experimental plants were oat, spring rape and yellow lupine. The activity of soil enzymes was determined in the analyzed samples on the 25th and the 50th day of the experiment. The results of the experiment showed that copper contamination in doses of 150 mg to 450 mg·kg-1 soil significantly inhibits soil’s biochemical activity. The sensitivity of the tested enzymes to copper was determined in the following order: alkaline phosphatase > arylsulfatase > acid phosphatase > β-glucosidase. The resistance of the above enzymes to copper depended on the cultivated plant spe- cies, soil type and the type of soil use and management. In samples of sandy loam, copper induced the smallest change in the activity of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase, and in loamy sand — in the activity of arylsulfatase and acid phosphatase. In uncropped soil, copper was the least effective in changing the activity of arylsulfatase and acid phosphatase. All of the tested enzymes were less resistant to copper contamination in cropped than in uncropped soil. In soil planted with oat, β-glucosidase was the most resistant and arylsulfatase was the least resistant enzyme to copper contamination. In samples sown with spring rape, the analogous enzymes were arylsulfatase and alkaline phosphatase. In yellow lupine treatments, alkaline phosphatase was the most and β-glucosidase was the least resistant enzyme.

2

Soil phosphatase activity and phosphorus content as influenced by catch crops cultivated as green manure

100%

Piotrowska-Dlugosz A., Wilczewski E.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2014

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tom 23

|

nr 1

In a 3-year experiment, the effect of catch crop management [catch crop incorporated in autumn (A) or mulched (B) vs plots without a catch crop (C)] on soil acid (PAC) and alkaline (PAL) phosphatase activities as well as on the available phosphorus content (PAVAIL) were investigated on typical Alfisol. The catch crops were sown at the beginning of August and ploughed in the autumn in 2008, 2009, and 2010, or left as mulch during the winter. Soil samples were taken four times a year from spring barley plots that were grown in 2009, 2010, and 2011. Generally, catch crop treatment significantly influenced the enzymatic activity as compared to the control. The PAC activity was significantly greater with a mulched catch crop than in a ploughed one only in I and II sampling dates, whereas the PAL activity was not influenced by the method and time of field pea management. The time of sampling significantly influenced the PAL activity in 2011 and the PAC activity in 2009 and 2011.

3

Isozymes variability among Fusarium udum resistant cultivars of pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan [L.] [Millsp]

100%

Prasad P., Reddy N. P. E., Anandam R. J., Reddy G. L.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2003

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tom 25

|

nr 3

4

Appearance of different phosphatase forms and phosphorus partitioning in nodules of chickpea [Cicer arietinum L.] during development

100%

Gupta A. K., Kaur V., Kaur N.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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1998

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tom 20

|

nr 4

Acid and alkaline phosphatase and phytase activities were determined in the bacteroid free fractions of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) nodules at 15 days intervals, from 40 days after sowing (DAS) to 85 DAS. In general, the activities and specific activity of both the acid and alkaline phosphatases declined at 55 DAS. Out of the various substrates studied, ATP was the best substrate for both phosphatases. Activities of phosphatases with glucose-6-phosphate and fructose-6-phosphate were low in comparison to these with fructose 1,6 bisphosphate. The efficiency of acid phosphatase for utilizing fructose 1,6 bis phosphate as a substrate increased with nodule development. A fructose 1,6 bis phosphate specific acid phosphatase with elution volume to void volume (Ve/Vo) ratio of around 2.0 was observed in mature nodules (80 DAS). Acid phosphatase at 40 DAS was resolved into two peaks which were eluted at Ve/Vo of about 1.5 and 1.8. However, at 60 DAS the peak with Ve/Vo of 1.5 could not be detected. With ATP as substrate, a high (Ve/Vo of 1.2) and low MM form (Ve/Vo of 2.1) alkaline phosphatases were observed at 40 DAS however at 60 DAS stage only one peak with Ve/Vo of 1.7 was detected. Although, a low activity of acid phytase was observed in nodules at all stages of development but neither alkaline phytase nor phytic acid could be detected. It appears that the nodules acquire inorganic phosphate from the roots. The higher content of water soluble organic phosphorus in mature nodules could be due to the low activities of phosphatases at maturity.

5

Protonation equilibria of residues in protein kinases and phosphatases. Poisson-Boltzmann model studies

100%

Antosiewicz J., Blachut-Okrasinska E., Lesyng B., Briggs J. M., McCammon J.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

|

1998

|

tom 03

|

nr 3

6

Ultrastructural localization of enzymes in Entamoeba histolytica. I. Acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and thiamine pyrophosphatase

100%

Kuzna-Grygiel W.

Acta Protozoologica

|

1994

|

tom 33

|

nr 4

7

Assessment of the microbiological activity in agricultural and urban soils

84%

Dec D.

Soil Science Annual

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2014

|

tom 65

|

nr 4

8

Effect of hyperthermia on morphology and histochemistry of spinal cord in the rat

84%

Godlewski A., Wygladalska-Jernas H., Szczech J.

Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica

|

1986

|

tom 24

|

nr 1

9

Assessment of soil phosphatase activity, phosphorus and heavy metals content depending on the mineral fertilization

84%

Lemanowicz J., Bartkowiak R.

Przegląd Naukowy. Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

|

2016

|

tom 25

|

nr 2[72]

Assessment of soil phosphatase activity, phosphorus and heavy metals content depending on the mineral fertilization. The paper presents the results of research into the activity of alkaline and acid phosphatase, the content of available phosphorus, heavy metals and total organic carbon, against in soil with mineral fertilization only. The first experimental factor was phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium and sulphur fertilization in six fertilizer combinations: 1 – PKMgCaS, 2 – KMgCaS, 3 – PMgCaS, 4 – PKCaS, 5 – PKMgS, 6 – PKMgCa. The second factor was made up of nitrogen fertilization at the rates of: 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 kg·haˉ¹ of N. Increasing nitrogen rates and a lack of liming increased the soil acidity inhibiting alkaline phosphatase, decreasing the content of available phosphorus in soil. A lack of phosphorus fertilization resulted in an intensive increase in the activity of both alkaline and acid phosphatase in soil. Due to the experimental factors applied, the content of the heavy metals assayed was as follows: zinc > copper > lead > cadmium.

10

An electron microscopic study of the phosphatases in the ciliate Balantidium coli

84%

Skotarczak B., Kolodziejczyk L.

Folia Morphologica

|

2005

|

tom 64

|

nr 4

282-286

The localisation and activity of D glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) and alkaline phosphatase (AlP) in the trophozoites of Balantidium coli isolated from pig intestine content were investigated using ultrastructural and cytochemical methods. The activity of G-6-Pase was demonstrated on the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum, particularly in the cortical part of the trophozoites. In addition, the product of the reaction to G-6-Pase was concentrated in the vesicular structures, which were distributed along the reticular membranes. These structures were described as vesicles similar to glycosomes, containing enzymes of glycogenolysis. It is very likely that hydrolases in B. coli are formed on the rough reticular membranes without the involvement of cisterns of the Golgi complex. The ultrastructural deposits of the reaction to G-6-Pase and AlP in the trophozoites of B. coli described here indicate that some membranes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and small vacuoles with a strong reaction to these enzymes can play a similar role to the Golgi complex.

11

Relations between fluorine content in soil and inhibition of soil enzymes activity

84%

Nowak J., Smolik B., Zakrzewska H.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Environmental Development

|

2005

|

tom 08

|

nr 2

12

Tyrosine phosphatases as a superfamily of tumor suppressors in colorectal cancer

84%

Laczmanska I., Sasiadek M. M.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

|

2011

|

tom 58

|

nr 4

Phosphorylation and dephosphorylation processes catalyzed by numerous kinases and phosphorylases are essential for cell homeostasis and may lead to disturbances in a variety of vital cellular pathways, such as cell proliferation and differentiation, and thus to complex diseases including cancer. As over 80 % of all oncogenes encode protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs), protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), which can reverse the effects of tyrosine kinases, are very important tumor suppressors. Alterations in tyrosine kinase and phosphatase genes including point mutations, changes in epigenetic regulation, as well as chromosomal aberrations involving regions critical to these genes, are frequently observed in a variety of cancers. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in humans. CRCs occur in a familial (about 15 % of all cases), hereditary (about 5%) and sporadic (almost 75-80 %) form. As genetic-environmental interrelations play an important role in the susceptibility to sporadic forms of CRCs, many studies are focused on genetic alterations in such tumors. Mutational analysis of the tyrosine phosphatome in CRCs has identified somatic mutations in PTPRG, PTPRT, PTPN3, PTPN13 and PTPN14. The majority of these mutations result in a loss of protein function. Also, alterations in the expression of these genes, such as decreased expression of PTPRR, PTPRO, PTPRG and PTPRD, mediated by epigenetic mechanisms have been observed in a variety of tumors. Since cancer is a social and global problem, there will be a growing number of studies on alterations in the candidate cancer genes, including protein kinases and phosphatases, to determine the origin, biology and potential pathways for targeted anticancer therapy.

13

Spatiotemporal variation of alkaline phosphatase activity in coastal waters off Trivandrum

84%

Shivaramu M. S., Randive A. K., Kumari R., Gauns M., Ponnapakkam L. A.

Oceanologia

|

2019

|

tom 61

|

nr 1

14

Quantum and quantum-classical studies of phosphoryl-transfer mechanisms in model systems

84%

Grochowski P.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

|

2003

|

tom 08

|

nr 2A

15

Activity of enzymes in soils treated with sewage sludge

84%

Kucharski J., Wyszkowska J., Nowak G., Harms H.

Polish Journal of Soil Science

|

2000

|

tom 33

|

nr 1

16

Sensitivity of Spirodela oligorrhiza to paclobutrazol and other plant growth retardants

84%

Knypl J. S., Romanowska-Duda Z.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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1997

|

tom 19

|

nr 2

17

Algae commensal community in Genlisea traps

84%

Plachno B. J., Wolowski K.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2008

|

tom 77

|

nr 1

The community of algae occurring in Genlisea traps and on the external traps surface in laboratory conditions were studied. A total of 29 taxa were found inside the traps, with abundant diatoms, green algae (Chlamydophyceae) and four morphotypes of chrysophytes stomatocysts. One morphotype is described as new for science. There are two ways of algae getting into Genlisea traps. The majority of those recorded inside the traps, are mobile; swimming freely by flagella or moving exuding mucilage like diatoms being ablate to colonize the traps themselves. Another possibility is transport of algae by invertebrates such as mites and crustaceans. In any case algae in the Genlisea traps come from the surrounding environment. Two dominant groups of algae (Chladymonas div. and diatoms) in the trap environment, show ability to hydrolyze phosphomonoseters. We suggest that algae in carnivorous plant traps can compete with plant (host) for organic phosphate (phosphomonoseters). From the spectrum and ecological requirements of algal species found in the traps, environment inside the traps seems to be acidic. However, further studies are needed to test the relations between algae and carnivorous plants both in laboratory conditions and in the natural environment. All the reported taxa are described briefly and documented with 74 LM and SEM micrographs.

18

Some specific and non-specific phosphatases in the sporocyst of Fasciola hepatica. 3. Enzymes associated with glycolysis

84%

Humiczewska M.

Wiadomości Parazytologiczne

|

1997

|

tom 43

|

nr 4

Using histochemical and cytophotometric methods, enzymes associated with anaerobie glycolysis: glucose-6-phosphatase, hexokinase, and aldolase in the developing sporocysts of Fasciola hepatica were studied. Highest activity of these enzymes was found in the germ balls in the sporocysts, at all phases of their development, which is related to intensive proliferation and differentiation of the embryos developing inside the germ balls.

19

Effect of chilling stress on activity of RNase and phosphatase in rootlets of soybean [Glycine max] and lentil [Lens culinaris]

84%

Posmyk M. M., Knypl J. S.

Biological Bulletin of Poznań. Supplement

|

1997

|

tom 34

20

Effect of liming and mineral fertilization on the enzymatic activity of grey-brown podzolic soils formed from loess

67%

Nazarkiewicz M., Kaniuczak J.

Polish Journal of Soil Science

|

2008

|

tom 41

|

nr 2

201-207

The study involved a permanently fertilized field in the Rzeszów Foothills Region, on grey-brown podzolic soils formed from loess (Haplic Luvisols). Samples were taken from the Ap horizon in 2001, at the end of a 4-year study. Previous crops were cultivated using a 4-year cropping system: pasture sunflower, winter wheat, potato and spring barley. Various mineral fertilizers were applied during the study (NPK against a background of permanent Mg fertilization as well as NPK against a background of permanent Mg fertilization combined with liming). Liming was applied in the form of CaO (at the dose of 4 t of CaO ha⁻¹). The study included 14 fertilized objects, in 4 replications, according to a random sub-block system. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for the statistical processing under a double classification: liming (A) and mineral fertilization (B) – independently of liming. Liming was found to increase the enzymatic activity of dehydrogenases and phosphatases, whereas mineral fertilization was found to decrease the enzymatic activity of dehydrogenases, proteases and phosphatases. The combined effect of liming and mineral fertilization (AB) led to an increased enzymatic activity of dehydrogenases, phosphatases and proteases in soil of the majority of the limed fertilized objects.

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