The European corn borer (Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn.) is the most dangerous pest of maize (Zea mays L.) in Poland, requiring intensive control with agrotechnical method for instance by cultivating varieties less damaged by caterpillars, biological measures, and, application of chemical products as last available option. A precise monitoring of the species presence in maize fields is necessary to determine accurately a need and a date for setting out bioformulations containing Trichogramma spp. Currently, nationwide monitoring of O. nubilalis presence is conducted by the Main Inspectorate of Plant Health and Seed Inspection, using mainly pheromone traps characterised by low effectiveness in catching moths (males). On a small scale, regional monitoring is also conducted by the Institute of Plant Protection – National Research Institute, whose decisions about a need and a date for O. nubilalis control are based on simultaneous use of several observation methods. These methods include: observation of moth flights from postharvest maize residues (in entomological chambers), use of light and pheromone traps (of various types and with various pheromones), and observation of egg laying and caterpillar hatching dynamics. By combining several independent observation methods it is possible to precisely determine an optimal time for biological and chemical control of O. nubilalis, thus it is necessary to establish a national network for monitoring that pest with all known methods, covering all Poland.
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