Investigating regional differences on a domestic and international scale is a current scientific issue. EU integration after enlargement in 2004 has provided a more complex picture. In the present study, the assessment of regional differences is based on the much criticized but most widely accepted measure – GDP per capita of the NUTS 2 regions of EU member states standardized by purchasing power parity. The study is based on three major issues, providing the following hypotheses: (H1) not all of the capital regions are the most progressive amongst member states; (H2) the Eastern European countries’ capital region is not included in the first 20% of the development list; (H3) the farther we are from the centre of the EU, the higher the territorial discrepancies within the regions of each member state. Due to the complexity of EU territory, only some hypotheses have been possible to understand and justify.
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