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The aim of this research is to identify and analyse the situation of residents of selected nursing homes. The study covers residents of two nursing homes in the Podkarpackie region. Nottingham Health Profile measure was used to assess their quality of life. Nursing homes' residents rate their energy and physical efficiency as the lowest. Motor system diseases and impaired vision as well as co-occurring chronic diseases significantly affect the QoL. Out of all areas physical efficiency and emotional condition have the greatest impact on the QoL. Women and widowed persons report a clearly worse QoL. Persons who have lived in a nursing home for less than a year have the worst perception of their QoL.
Byla vypracována metodika odběru potu a jeho analýzy, která má zpřesnit podklady pro doplňování ztrát tekutin a minerálů při intenzivní fyzické činnosti. Během sledování v laboratorních i v terénních podmínkách u dobrovolníků byly měřeny teplota a vlhkost vzduchu, teplota zvukovodu a kůže, tlak krve, srdeční frekvence. V podpaždí a na hrudi probandů byly připevněny odběrové potní misky. Vlastní ztráta tekutin byla určena z rozdílu hmotnosti probanda před a po vyšetření. Stanovení obsahu chloridů v lidském potu bylo provedeno pomocí iontové chromatografie a obsah Na⁺ a K⁺ iontů pomocí atomové absorpční spektrometrie. Při intenzivních pracovních činnostech, v závislosti na klimatických podmínkách zevního prostředí, byly za sledované období naměřeny ztráty tekutin dosahující až 900 ml a ztráty minerálů až téměř 10 g. Při delší zátěži dochází k snižování koncentrace minerálů v potu. Množství tekutin ztracených při zátěži závisí i na výchozím stavu hydratace organismu.
The aim of this research was to prove that in ageing society the increasing number of the seniors has significant role in employment. The study included Visegrad 4 countries (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia). The determination and correlation coefficients and the trend equations show the different but significant connection between the employment of senior workers and their increasing number in society. If the state does not take any proactive measure to invest into the value of the human capital of older workers, the ageing, sick, unemployment citizens will cause a serious social and financing problem in the near future.
Artykuł dotyczy sytuacji grupy młodych osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną, którzy po wyprowadzeniu się z domów rodzinnych rozpoczęli nowy etap swojego życia w hostelu dla osób z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną. Należy zaznaczyć, iż w krajach skandynawskich hostele takie są powszechnie dostępne i większość osób z niepełnosprawnością po osiągnięciu pełnoletności przeprowadza się do takich domów - w ostatnich latach zamieszkało w nich ponad 5 000 osób. Przeprowadzone badania mieszczą się więc w nurcie współczesnej polityki społecznej Szwecji, w której podkreśla się zwłaszcza idee integracji, normalizacji i zapewnienia możliwości samostanowienia osobom z niepełnosprawnością intelektualną. Hostel w którym prowadzone były badania składał się z 13 samodzielnych, jednoosobowych pokoi oraz szeregu pomieszczeń wspólnych (pralnia, pokój dzienny, kuchnia, pokój rekreacyjny). W artykule omówiono w szczególny sposób kwestię relacji pomiędzy osobami niepełnosprawnymi, personelem hostelu i rodzicami osób niepełnosprawnych. W prowadzonych badaniach szukano odpowiedzi na pytania o to, jakimi normami i prawami kieruje się młodzież mieszkająca w hostelu, jak kształtują się relacje emocjonalne i zależności międzyosobowe oraz jakie są możliwości samostanowienia mieszkających tam osób. W badaniach zastosowano metodę jakościowej analizy danych, zebranych dzięki trwającej dwa i pół roku obserwacji uczestniczącej oraz 28 wywiadach z mieszkańcami hostelu, ich rodzicami i personelem. Zebrany materiał poddano analizie i zaprezentowano w zakresie następujących zagadnień: uwarunkowania dojrzałości do nowej fazy życia i podjęcia decyzji o zmianie miejsca zamieszkania, warunki powodzenia pierwszych prób samodzielnego zamieszkania osób z niepełnosprawnością, zakres poczucia przynależności, wspólnotowości i niezależności odczuwany podczas mieszkania w hostelu, rola i zakres zadań personelu, możliwości samostanowienia, zakres zależności od personelu i warunki dobrej adaptacji osób niepełnosprawnych i ich rodziców do nowych warunków życia. W podsumowaniu autorka stwierdza, że chociaż możliwość zamieszkania w hostelu jest postrzegana jako szansa samodzielnego życia i samostanowienia dla osoby niepełnosprawnej, pomimo dobrej woli personelu i ich kompetentnej pracy, osoby z niepełnosprawnością mają zbyt mało szans na samodzielne podejmowanie decyzji o własnym życiu i realizację własnych planów. Warunkiem zmiany tej sytuacji może być zmiana relacji społecznych między personelem a mieszkańcami, które w większym stopniu powinny opierać się na zasadach stałości, wzajemności i elastyczności.
In case of disabled people we cannot discuss full health. Depending on the type of disability, mental or physical health is affected, or both. That is why social health as a third component of health is so important. Social health is determined by the disabled persons’ ability to work in a healthy place [1, 2] The main aim of this study was to describe the scale of the unemployment among disabled people as a social health threat in Podlasie region. The detailed aim was to describe how sheltered work facilities deal with unemployment. To analyze the problem of unemployment and sheltered work facilities activity we used information from GUS, the Regional Work Office in Białystok, the Podlasie Regional Office in Białystok, the Podlasie Department PFRON and local self-government. The results show that unemployment among disabled people is a big problem in Poland – among 4,085,000 disabled people in Poland, 3,550,000 are unemployed or professionally inactive. At the end of 2005 in the Podlasie region there were 2,315 of disabled people, which were 3.2% of all unemployed in the region. The following conclusions were drawn from the above-mentioned results: 1. The number of disabled people to the Podlasie is lower than the average for Poland; according to NSP data from 2002 there are approximately 143 disabled people per 1,000 inhabitants, and in Podlasie – 129 per 1000 inhabitants. 2. The main social health threat of disabled people aged 15-65 in Podlasie is unemployment.
Nowadays, recreational activity is not only the general tendency to improve physical function, but is also associated with increased physical effort and risk. For example, there has been the development of more sophisticated and dangerous forms of skiing. Today, skiing can be divided into downhill skiing, practiced in ski resorts, and freeskiing. The freeskiing forms include ski-touring and freeride, considered as extreme. The extreme forms are characterized by high risk as the main motive for their practice. The most important predisposition to engage in those activities is the courage expressed in risk taking propensity. Risk taking propensity is a personality trait that affects human decisions in risky situations. Depending on its severity, more or less risky behavior can be observed. The aim of the study was to determine the level of propensity to risk behaviors of people involved in forms of activity associated with a higher risk in comparison with other participants, on the example of recreational skiing. The questionnaire constructed by Ryszard Studenski was used to measure the risk taking propensity and frequency of risky behavior. The research was carried out on 40 persons classified on the basis of the declaration of preferred form of skiing. People practicing extreme forms of winter activity (ski touring, ski-mountaineering) showed lower level of risk taking propensity than a group of downhill skiers. It was found that the preference of risky sports is not definitely related to the higher propensity to risk-taking behavior.
Introduction: Ethnobotany is the study of medicinal plants used by local people, with particular importance of old-styled tribal beliefs and information. Ethnobotanical studies focus on ethnic knowledge of Adivasi people and development of data bases on ethnic knowledge but also focuses on preservation and regeneration of traditional beliefs and maintenance of traditional knowledge. Objective: The aim of present study is to highlight the traditional actions of herbal plants used by inborn Yanadi community of Seshachalam Biosphere Reserve, Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India. Methods: The ethnobotanical field survey was conducted according to the methods adopted by some authors. In-depth interviews, interactions were conducted with tribal physicians of Yanadi, Nakkala and Irula as well as other tribes practicing and experiencing the use of plant-based medicine. A normal inquiry form was used to gather the appropriate data on herbal plants and their usage of inborn people’s lifestyle. Extensive consultations among local people and detailed documentation of the usage of plants were carried out in 2014–2017. The aged outmoded opinions and imposts of indigenous people conceded on by word of opening were documented. Results: A total of 266 medicinally used plant species belonging to 216 genera and 88 families were recognized with help of inborn herbal healers. The study also chronicled the mode of herbal arrangements, mode of the use of herbal plants in various disorders. The study exposed that native people of Seshachalam Biosphere Reserve have good medicinal information and also have preserved plant-based medicinal system of their ascendants used all their diseases. Most of medicinal plants are used in the treatment of indigestion, snake bite and skin diseases. The authors feel that this type of study certainly helps identify ethnic leads for drug development in future. Conclusions: The ethnobotanical investigation of Seshalam Biosphere area has revealed that the tribes possess good knowledge on plant-based medicine but as they are towards in advanced exposure to transformation, their information on traditional uses of plants is slowly getting eroded. The authors plead for intensive crosscultural studies involving all ethnic tribes in the country for prioritizing or short listing of ethnic leads for various disorders for ultimately developing global level drugs for human welfare and economy development.
Rhythm and conductivity disturbances in heart muscle, change in autonomic system function and raised arterial blood pressure have been described in workers exposed to lead. They may be accompanied by changes in echocardiography test and accordingly we undertook this investigation. The study population included employees of zinc and lead steelworks in the south of Poland that were divided into 2 groups: exposed to lead compounds (n=88) and the reference group - administration workers (n=55) with normal levels of lead concentration in blood (PbB) and zinc protoporphyrin in blood. Left ventricular enddiastolic dimension (LVDd), interventricular septal and posterior wall thickness, right ventricular diastolic, left atrium diameter, aortic diameter and left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) in echocardiograms were performed. Left ventricular mass LVM (g) and left ventricular mass index LVMI (g/m2) was calculated. In the group exposed to lead, EF decreased by 3%, increased LVDd by 6%, and raised LVM by 11% and LVMI by 10%. There was a positive relation between PbB and LVDd (R=0.18) and between PbB and LVM (R=0.14). Decreased EF, enlargement of the left ventricle and raised left ventricle mass in research undertaken, may be a result of raised arterial blood tension.
This work analyzes the influence of air-ions of different types and concentrations on people subjected to physical effort and at rest. The outcome of the conducted research indicates that air-ions at a concentration level of 7.5 million ions/cm³ decrease the consumption of O₂ by around 20%, and release CO₂. Furthermore, the positive air-ions shorten the period necessary to achieve the anaerobic change threshold by almost 70%, at a high significance ratio of 0.001. A secondary research outcome also shows that the change of these physiological indicators probably results from the permeation of ionized molecules to the lower parts of human lungs.
A total of 1,243 Ezza people living in 10 communities of Ebonyi State, eastern Nigeria were examined between July 2002-January 2003 for lymphatic filariasis. This is the first time a filariasis survey due to Wuchereria bancrofti has been carried out in this state. Of the 1,243 persons examined, 210 (16.9%) had W. bancrofti microfilariae. Infection varied significantly among communities and ages (p<0.05) but not sex-related (p>0.05). The Ezza people are predominantly farmers and professional hired labourers. There was a close association between microfilaria rate and microfilaria -density in various age groups (r = 0.812; p<0.01). Microfilaria density is an important measure in the epidemiology, treatment and control of human filarisis in this endemic foci. Clinical signs and symptoms of the disease include elephantiasis, hydrocoele, dermatitis and periodic fever. Clinical symptoms without microfilaraemia and microfilaraemia without clinical symptoms were also observed. Of 1,603 mosquitoes dissected, Anopheles gambiae, An. funestus and Culex quinquefasciatus showed infectivity rates of 6.3%, 5.1% and 6.0% respectively. The affected persons and other key informants are unaware of the cause of the disease and attributed it to witchcraft, violation of taboo, bad water and food. Intervention strategies to be integrated into the on-going Community-Directed Treatment with Ivermectin (CDTI) project are discussed.
Introduction. Inaudible but ubiquitous environmental infrasound undoubtedly affects the frame of mind and health of humans. Objective. The object of the study is to prove that civil engineering objects can be sources of infrasound, and a review of the literature on effects of infrasound on the health of people and animals. Methods. Computer simulation of an air flow around a typical element of outdoor infrastructure. The simulation was carried out using the author’s computer programme, based on Discrete Vortex Method algorithms. Results and conclusions. The numerical experiment clearly proved that industrial objects can be sources of infrasonic noise during windy weather. The picture of air flow around a cylinder shows that regular turbulent motion is a source of sound with one dominating frequency. The sound once generated propagate far from its source. Frequency and intensity of the sound depends on wind velocity and shape of the object. Further research in this area are advisable.
A high incidence of ample diseases with a complicated etiology, including mycoses of various origins, determine the implementation of unconventional methods, including hirudotherapy, to their treatment. The study was aimed at assessing the mycological purity of medical leech body covers, their jaws and gastrointestinal systems – oesophagus, middle and posterior intestines, and the purity of water from an aquarium they were kept in. The experimental material were 20 European medical leeches (Hirudo medicinalis) and water originating from their breeding. Fungi were obtained according to our own procedures and mycological diagnostics was conducted following standard procedures applied in mycological laboratories. In total, 22 species of fungi belonging to 13 genera were isolated. The material studied was found to contain fungi classified as potential pathogens: Candida albicans, Candida guilliermondii, Candida krusei and Candida tropicalis, as well as numerous saprotrophs with a decreased pathogenicity potential. In view of the results obtained in this study, and a prospective application of hirudotherapy, a question may arise as to whether sterility of cultures and health status of leeches are sufficient and safe for patients. Isolation of a relatively high number of fungi considered pathogenic from leeches poses a potential hazard for people who could have contact with non-sterile therapeutic material, which in this case leeches are.
The effects of unemployment also include consequences for health that are experienced by the unemployed themselves and by their families and in a broader social scale. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of unemployment on the health condition of the unemployed in the Lublin Region. The study was carried out in 2000-2003 and included 1560 subjects that were the unemployed registered in the Municipal and Provincial Labour Offices in Lublin, Świdnik, Lubartów, Puławy and Kraśnik. The research tool was a questionnaire survey and the research method was a diagnostic sounding.
The aim of author’s deliberations is to present the situation of people aged 50+ being in a specific situation in the labour market in Poland. The subjects of analysis are: the level of economic activity of the selected group of individuals, level of their employment, scale and structure of unemployment as well as opportunities of economic activity. The analysis comprised the years 2005-2011 and the data available for the year 2012. An information base was, first of all, the figures provided by the Central Statistical Office (GUS), which in various materials cover different age groups, i.e. 45-54 years, 55-59/60 and 60/65 and more; 45-54 years and 55 and more; 50-69 years; 50 and more. Usage of numerous books, articles and papers the issues concerning the situation in the labour market of individuals aged 50+ allowed deepening the ratio analysis carried out in the article.
Field collections of herbal weed plants were conducted and studied. The research study aimed to determine the economic values of some herbal weed plants in Barpeta district used by Assamese communities in traditional purpose. Specifically it aimed to describe the economic value with respect to their use as vegetables and other medicinal benefits. Results of the study revealed 30 species in 22 families of herbal weeds which were collected in the study sites. The herbal weed plants exhibited morphologically were different from each other and were found economically important because of their medicinal values. The traditional knowledge of these weed plants as leafy vegetables and medicine recorded in this paper are hitherto unknown or less known to the world.
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