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Influence of the sowing date and state of secondary transformations of moorsh formations on the Lolium perewne seed germination in the condtions of pot xperiments was studied. Peaty moorshes (Zi) and proper moorshes (Z2) with granular structure'taken TrönTTFe peat-moorsh soils at various stages of the moorshing process were used in the present experiment. Two levels of soil moisture were applied. It was found out that the influence of the sowing date on the differentiation of darnel emergencies on the moorsh soils was not big. However, a clear tendency for better germination of the seeds sown in summer than those sown in spring was observed. It was especially visible on the granular moorsh formations (Z3) that were not able to create as favourable water conditions for darnel seed germination and development of seedlings as peat moorshes (Zi) because of poor abilities for water conductivity. The present experiment showed that in order to ensure darnel emergencies on the soils formed of granular moorshes it is necessary to keep their moisture level close to 80% of their full water capacity. Seed germination was influenced more by the kind of moorsh and its moisture level than by the status of secondary transformation of the moorsh mass and sowing date.
Three groups of moorsh formations distinguished on the basis of their ash content were divided into classes according to the state of progress of their secondary transformations. The basis for the division were numerical values of their water-holding capacity index W1. It was found that with the increase of ash content, the threshold value of the W1 index that distinguishes peats without any signs of secondary transformations from the peat formations secondary transformed, i.e., moorshes, also increases. In the moorshes with the lowest ash content (<25%) and weakly silted moorshes (26-50%), the threshold value of the W1 index is 0.35, whereas in the strongly silted moorshes with the mineral part content from 51 to 80%, it is 0.40. Five classes were defined in each of the group of moorshes - the first of them includes moorshes at the initial stage of secondary transformations, and the fifth one totally degraded formations.
The influence of the kind of moorsh and the state of its transformation, as expressed in numerical values of the water absorption index W1, on the germination conditions of Lolium perenne seeds and further growth of young plants have been studied. It was found out that the main factor differentiating these conditions was grain structure of the moorsh mass that determined water conductive properties of the studies soils. The highestnumber of germinated seeds (40-85%) and the best plant growth was observed on peaty moorshes (Z1) of fine fibrous character with fresh humus admixture. Considerably worse conditions for darnel germination and growth (25-50% of germinated seeds) were found on proper fine-grained moorsh (Z3). It was confirmed by a relatively low dty mass yield of plants collected on these soils after completion of the experiment. The highest differentiation of seedlings, and at the same time the poorest germination were found on the proper degraded moorsh with crumble-grained structure with poor conductivity, and on peaty fibrous moorsh that formed a macro-porous layer on the soil surface in the conditions of intensive insolation and high air temperatures. This macro-porous layer efficiently limited capillary rise and evaporation. It was observed that the stale of transformation of moorsh formations expressed with numerical values of the W1 index did not exert any visible influence on the conditions of plant vegetation. The above observation proved that the W1 index is only vaguely connected with the soil conductive properties.
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Regularities of peat soils anthropic evolution

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Regularities in the transformation of peat structure, organic matter and nitrogen-bearing compounds composition were shown and prognosis of the consequences of the meliorated peat evolution by 2020 are made.
Scientific data on the evolution of meliorated peat soils under the impact of agricultural use are presented. The following 3 soil groups are formed as a result of destruction of a peat layer after drainage of mires:peat soils containing more than 30% of organic matter, organic-mineral and mineral residual-peatysoils containing15-30% and less than 15% of organic matter,respectively.The classification of each of this group based on the criteria of the morphology of soil profile, ratio between organic and mineral parts of the soil and granulometric composition of mineral bedrock is given. Suggestions about nomenclature of new soils are presented.
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