During the last decade a variety of previously unknown porcine parvoviruses (PPV) were identified. New species were classified as PPV2, PPV3, PPV4, bocaviruses or hokoviruses. Preliminary investigations indicate that some of the newly emerging parvoviruses are relatively widespread in the Polish pig population. These findings suggest that the evolution and diversity of parvoviruses is much more complex than previously assumed. Current scientific efforts focus on issues such as the prevalence, pathogenic potential, genetic and antigenic variability, as well as the further evolution of parvoviruses. The aim of the present study was to summarize current knowledge regarding the newly described parvovirus species. First atypical strains of parvoviruses were detected in Asia and classified as PPV2. Latest studies have showed that PPV2 is present in swine in Hungary. In 2008, Lau et al. described animal parvoviruses similar to the human parvovirus PARV4. After the place of their first isolation (Hong Kong), the names “porcine hokovirus” (PHoV) and “bovine hokovirus” (BHoV) were proposed. In 2010, Cheung et al. suggested including PHoV in the Parvovirus genus and changing its name to “PPV3,” but this classification is still unofficial. The presence of PPV3 genotype was confirmed in pigs in Hungary, Great Britain, and Romania, as well as in the population of wild boars in Germany. Another species, PPV4, was found in 2005 in North Carolina (USA). PPV4 has also been detected in China, in both healthy and diseased pigs. In Hungary, PPV4 infection has been confirmed in 13 out of 57 herds analyzed, which suggests a large prevalence of this virus in the swine population. The presence of bocaviruses has been detected in pigs in Sweden, China, and Hungary, as well as in wild boars in Romania. Preliminary results suggest that in the swine population in Poland, not only classical PPV1, but also PPV2, PPV3, and PPV4 are present.
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