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Pneumocystis carinii w swietle najnowszych badan

80%
A brief history of studies on Pneumocystis carinii was presented with particular reference to the investigations which had revealed its fungal nature, host specificity, and antigenic variation in the major surface glycoprotein. Furthermore, the problem of hitherto unknown reinfection with P. carinii as opposed to reactivation of latent infection was discussed.
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Parazotozy jelitowe w swietle wlasnych spostrzezen

80%
In the period 1997-2000 3968 samples were examined. Parasitological material came from 3174 children and 794 adults. Infection with intestinal protozoan and helminthes was noted in 80.2% of children as well as in 18.5% of adults (to 65 year old) and in 1.3% of patients over 65 year old. Among the children the most often were eggs of Enterobius vermicularis (detcetcd by tongue depressor covered with a transparent adhesive tape) and Giardia lamblia (diagnosed on the detection of coproantigens GSA 65 - commercial kits). Every year the detection of G. lamblia in children was the highest in the autumn-winter months what proved the summer in-fcctions. E. vermicularis occurred more often than G. lamblia however without the seasonal peaks.
Cutaneous mycoses are third among diseases after parasitic and infectious ones that pose problems for persons returning from the tropics. The paper presents semiotics of the following tropical superficial mycoses: tinea imbricata, infections with Scytalidium, tinea nigra. zakażenia grzybami Scylalidium, łupież czarny, black piedra. white piedra. Treatment, diagnostics and prophylaxis are discussed.
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71%
Onychomycosis is a public health concern because of its high world wide prevalence and its potential for spread of fungal elements to others. About one half of all patients presenting to dermatologists' offices for nail disorders have onychomycosis. This kind of infection may impact upon physical, functional and emotional aspects of life. Onychomycosis can be treated with the new generation of oral antifungals. Efficacy rates for fingernail onychomycosis are high; however, for toenail onychomycosis, efficacy rates may range from 60% to 80%. Relapse rates have been estimated to be 15% to 20% measured at 2 years following therapy initiation. Because many factors may be associated with a suboptimal clinical response, consideration to measures that retlect the most appropriate pharmacologic and supportive regimens must be made in order to meet the challenge of onychomycosis cure. In some situations supplemcntal therapy consisting of extra antifungal or adjunctive (topical/surgical) therapy may be beneficial.
Cutaneous mycoses are third among diseases after parasitic and infectious ones that pose problems for persons returning from the tropics. The paper presents semiotics of the following tropical subcutaneous mycoses: sporotrichosis. chromoblastomycosis, maduromycosis. pheohyphomycosis, zygomycosis and lobomycosis.
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Parazytozy w stanach niedoborow immunologicznych

71%
The congenital or acquired cause the state of immune deficiency. To acquired factors belong immunosuppressive therapy after grafting and in systemie diseases as infections with HIV. There is a number of parasitic organisms, mainly protozoa, which preferentially settle in immunocompromised persons. The opportunistic parasites are present in the nearest environment. Some of them were newly recognized as human invaders. The state of immune deficiency may reactivate latent infections, that occurs with Toxoplasma gondii infection. Some parasitic infections which are benign and self - resolving, when affecting immunocompetent hosts, become fulminant or disseminated and very often life - threatening in immunosuppressed individuals.
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