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1

Changes in proline level in response to osmotic stress and exogenous amino acids in Raphanus sativus L. seedlings

100%

Khanna S., Rai V. K.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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1998

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tom 20

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nr 4

The changes in endogenous proline levels of Raphanus sativus L. seedlings was monitored in presence of exogenous amino acids in normal and osmotically stressed seedlings. In unstressed seedlings, proline uptake was detected only at higher (1 mM) concentration of applied L-proline. however, proline uptake was promoted at all (1 µM to 1000 µM) concentrations of applied L-proline under osmotic stress conditions. Amongst other exogenous amino acids, L-leucine, L-glutamic acid, L-alanine, and L-histidine enhanced endogenous levels of proline, while exogenous hydorxyproline and γ-amino butyric acid reduced it.

2

The role of oxidative and osmotic stress in the in vitro regeneration of Triticum aestivum and Vicia faba ssp. minor

86%

Skrzypek E., Szechynska-Hebda M., Dabrowska G.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2007

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tom 29

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nr 1 Suppl.

3

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The effects of induced ER stress on ROS regulation and antioxidant defense in Arabidopsis thaliana under osmotic stress

86%

Ozgur R., Turkan I., Uzilday B., Sekmen A.

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

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2013

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tom 94

|

nr 2

4

Physiological adaptations to osmotic stress and characterization of a polyethylene glycol-responsive gene in Braya humilis

86%

Lirong W., Pengshan Z., Xin Z., Xiaopeng W., Xiaofei M., Yi L.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

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2016

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tom 85

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nr 1

Braya humilis (Brassicaceae) is a widely distributed plant in arid and semi-arid regions of northern Asia. This plant is well adapted to extremely arid conditions and is a promising candidate species to discover novel drought tolerance strategies. However, not much information about the mechanism(s) mediating drought resistance in this species is currently available. Therefore, the present study aimed to characterize the physiological traits and expression patterns of a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-responsive gene in B. humilis responding to different levels of osmotic stress induced by PEG-6000. Several important physiological parameters were examined, including the levels of relative water content, soluble protein, malondialdehyde, and antioxidant enzyme activity. A tolerance threshold between 20 and 30% PEG-6000 was identified for B. humilis. The water status and oxidative damage below this threshold were maintained at a relatively constant level during the 12 h of treatment. However, once the threshold was exceeded, the water status and oxidative damage were obviously affected after treatment for 4 h. The soluble protein results suggest that B. humilis maintains a vigorous resistance to osmotic stress and that it may play a greater role in osmotic regulation at late stages of stress. Moreover, superoxide dismutase and catalase may be important at preventing oxidative damage in plants at early stages of stress, while peroxidase may be more involved in some biological processes that resist osmotic stress at the late stage, especially in severely damaged plants. Furthermore, a PEG-responsive gene, BhCIPK12, was identified by differential display reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cloned, and characterized by quantitative real-time PCR. We hypothesized that this gene may play an important role in mediating osmotic stress or drought resistance in plants. Altogether, these results provide valuable insights into the mechanism(s) mediating drought tolerance in B. humilis.

5

Production of Aspergillus niger catalase under various stress conditions

86%

Fiedurek J.

Acta Microbiologica Polonica

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2000

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tom 49

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nr 1

6

Identification and characterization of a PnRSH2 gene involved in the plant stress response mechanism homologues to the bacterial stringent response

72%

Prusinska J., Kukla I., Dabrowska G., Goc A.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2007

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tom 29

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nr 1 Suppl.

7

The role of osmotic stress during in vitro regeneration of Triticum aestivum L. and Vicia faba ssp. minor

72%

Skrzypek E., Szechynska-Hebda M., Dabrowska G., Goc A.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

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2008

|

tom 524

Developmental processes during in vitro culture are influenced by many environmental factors, which are required to start regeneration programs encoded in the genome. Isolation of explants and their in vitro culture might cause oxidative imbalance in cells. The aim of the experiment was to determine the effects of osmotic potential of medium on the in vitro regeneration focusing on the oxidative stress. Regenerating callus of Triticum aestivum and Vicia faba ssp. minor were obtained from immature embryos and non-regenerating from mature embryos. Callus after four week induction was placed for three weeks on the media with 3% sucrose (ok. -0.42 MPA), 6% sucrose (ok. -0.71 MPA), and 3% sucrose together with 7% mannitol (ok. -1.33 MPA). After that, the amount of endogenous H₂O₂ and activity of SOD, CAT and POD were measured during the subsequent days of callus culture. 6% sucrose inhibited regeneration of wheat callus, and addition of 7% mannitol stimulated shoot regeneration in comparison with 3% sucrose, whereas did not change regeneration potential of field bean callus. Regenerating callus of wheat accumulated less endogenous H₂O₂ than nonregenerating one and showed a higher activity of SOD, CAT and POD. Regenerating callus of field bean showed a higher amount of endogenous H₂O₂ and antioxidative enzymes. The results of the experiments indicated that the oxidative stress caused by changes of osmotic potential of medium and type of carbohydrates play an important role in regulation of regeneration processes. The activities of antioxidative enzymes and endogenous level of H₂O₂ can be used in prognosis for the ability of tissues to differentiate and regenerate.

8

Expression analysis and functional characterization of a cold-responsive gene COR15A from Arabidopsis thaliana

72%

Liu D., Li W., Cheng J., Hou L.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2014

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tom 36

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nr 09

The cold-responsive (COR) genes play an important role in cold acclimation of higher plants. Here, a tight correlation between chloroplast functionality and COR15A expression, and the functional characterization of Arabidopsis COR15A involved in salt/osmotic stress, were revealed. COR15A gene is light inducible and expressed in light-grown seedlings. The expression level of COR15A was reduced when chloroplasts were damaged by norflurazon treatment. By using several albino mutants, seca1, secy1, and tic20, all of which exhibited severe defects in both structure and function of chloroplast, it was shown that the accumulation of COR15A mRNA depends on chloroplast functionality. Real-time RT-PCR and GUS-staining assays demonstrated that COR15A was induced by salt/osmotic stress partially via ABA. Overexpression of COR15A in Arabidopsis resulted in the seedlings displaying hypersensitivity to salt/osmotic stress. All these results suggest that plant acquire the ability to fully express COR15A only after the development of functional chloroplasts, COR15A may be involved in response to salt/ osmotic stress during early stages of plant development.

9

Silicon increases salt tolerance by influencing the two-phase growth response to salinity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

72%

Chen D., Yin L., Deng X., Wang S.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

|

2014

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tom 36

|

nr 09

Salt usually stresses plants in two ways, osmotic stress and ion toxicity. Plant responds to salinity in two distinct phases through time. It is known that silicon (Si) could alleviate salt stress by decreasing the Na⁺ accumulated in the leaf. In order to determine the function of Si in the two-phase growth response (osmotic and ion toxicity) to salinity, we selected the wheat cultivar ‘‘Changwu 134’’ out of 10 wheat cultivars, and confirmed that it responds to salinity in two distinct phases through time. The fresh weight, leaf area, and leaf Na⁺ concentration were measured during 31 days of 120 mM NaCl supplemented with 1 mM Si treatment. The results revealed that the growth of plants under salinity conditions both with and without Si application were in accordance with the two-phase growth model. Si alleviated the salt stress in the both two-phase growth, but the alleviative effects were more pronounced in the osmotic stress phase than ion toxicity phase. These results clearly showed that Si can enhance plant salt tolerance by alleviating the salt-induced osmotic stress.

10

Development and use of a peptide inhibitor of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase [JNK] subfamily of mitogen-activated protein kinases

72%

Bogoyevitch M. A., Barr R. K., Hopkins R. M., Watt P. M., Boehm I., Chan A., Arthur P. G.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

|

2003

|

tom 08

|

nr 2A

11

Does proline accumulated in leaves of water deficit stressed barley plants confine cell membrane injuries? II. Proline accumulation during hardening and its involvement in reducing membrane injuries in leaves subjected to severe osmotic stress

72%

Bandurska H.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

|

2001

|

tom 23

|

nr 4

12

Effect of stress on the life span of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

72%

Swiecilo A., Krawiec Z., Wawryn J., Bartosz G., Bilinski T.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

|

2000

|

tom 47

|

nr 2

A correlation is known to exist in yeast and other organisms between the cellular resistance to stress and the life span. The aim of this study was to examine whether stress treatment does affect the generative life span of yeast cells. Both heat shock (38°C, 30 min) and osmotic stress (0.3 M NaCl, 1 h) applied cyclically were found to increase the mean and maximum life span of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Both effects were more pronounced in superoxide dismutase-deficient yeast strains (up to 50% prolongation of mean life span and up to 30% prolongation of maximum life span) than in their wild-type counterparts. These data point to the importance of the antioxidant barrier in the stress-induced prolongation of yeast life span.

13

Jasmonate-signalling in stress-induced gene expression

72%

Wasternack C., Hause B., Kramell R., Miersch O., Atzorn R., Demus U., Feussner I., Parthier B.

Biological Bulletin of Poznań. Supplement

|

1997

|

tom 34

14

Abscisic acid and water stress responsive genes in maize

72%

Pages M., Alba M. M., Arenas C., Busk P. K., Culianez-Macia F. A., Figueras M., Jensen A. B., Jessop A. C., Peracchia G., Goday A.

Genetica Polonica

|

1994

|

tom 35B

15

Effect of salt and water stresses on growth, nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism in Cucumis sativus L. seedlings

72%

Sacala E., Demczuk A., Grzys E., Spiak Z.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

|

2008

|

tom 77

|

nr 1

Plants exposed to osmotic stress exhibit changes in their physiology and metabolism. In general, osmotic stress reduces water availability and causes nutritional imbalance in plants. In the present study, we compared the response of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L. var. Władko F-1) to ionic (100 mmol•dm-3 NaCl) and osmotic stress (10% PEG 6000). Both stress factors reduced significantly fresh and dry weight of 7-day-old cucumber seedlings. Under PEG treatment reduction of cucumber dry mass was lesser than in fresh mass, whereas under salt stress decrease in dry weight of cucumber shoots was more pronounced than in fresh mass. Salt stress caused severe decrease in nitrate concentration and activity of nitrate reductase (NR). In cotyledons nitrate content declined to 17% of the control and similar reduction in NR activity was observed. In the roots, observed changes were not so drastic but there was also strong interaction between reduction in nitrate content and NR activity. Under 10% PEG both nitrate concentration and NR activity in cucumber roots were significantly higher in comparison to control plants. In cotyledons NR activity was significantly lower than in control plants, while decrease in nitrate content was not statistically significant. Phosphate concentration did not change significantly in cucumber cotyledons but increased in roots treated both NaCl (32% increase) and PEG (53% increase). Similar tendencies were observed in acid phosphatase activity. Obtained results indicated that osmotic and salt stresses evoke differential responses, particularly in growth reduction and nitrogen metabolism in cucumber seedlings.

16

Does proline accumulated in leaves of water deficit stressed barley plants confine cell membrane injury? I. Free proline accumulation and membrane injury index in drought and osmotically stressed plants

72%

Bandurska H.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

|

2000

|

tom 22

|

nr 4

17

Effect of various protein kinase inhibitors on osmotic stress-activated protein kinase [OSAK] activity

72%

Kelner A., Pekala I., Dobrowolska G.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

|

2003

|

tom 08

|

nr 2A

18

Heme synthesis in yeast does not require oxygen as an obligatory electron acceptor

72%

Krawiec Z., Swiecilo A., Bilinski T.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

|

2000

|

tom 47

|

nr 4

In a previous paper (Krawiec, Z., Bilinski, T., Schueller, C. & Ruis, H., 2000, Acta Biochim. Polon. 47, 201-207) we have shown that catalase T holoenzyme is synthesized in the absence of oxygen after treatment of anaerobic yeast cultures with 0.3M. NaCl, or during heat shock. This finding suggests that heme moiety of the enzyme can either be formed de novo in the absence of oxygen, or derives from the preexisting heme pool present in cells used as inoculum. The strain bearing hem1 mutation, resulting in inability to form delta-aminolevulinate (ALA), the first committed precursor of heme, was used in order to form heme-depleted cells used as inocula. The cultures were supplemented with ALA at the end of anaerobic growth prior the stress treatment. The appearance of active catalase T in the stressed cells strongly suggests that heme moiety of catalase T is formed in the absence of oxygen. This finding suggests the necessity to reconsider current opinions concerning mechanisms of heme synthesis and the role of heme as an oxygen sensor.

19

Viable but non-culturable state [VBNC] of Escherichia coli related to EnvZ under the effect of pH, starvation and osmotic stress in sea water

58%

Darcan C., Ozkanca R., Idil O., Flint K. P.

Polish Journal of Microbiology

|

2009

|

tom 58

|

nr 4

307-317

When exposed extreme environmental conditions such as sea water, bacteria have been shown different survival strategy for continue their life. One of this strategy known as viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state which is very important for nondifferiation bacteria. VBNC cells cause serious human health problems. Little is known, however, about the genetic mechanisms underlying the VBNC state. Under different environmental conditions, porins are important in the survival strategy of bacteria. EnvZ/OmpR work together as regulators of ompF and ompC gene expression. It is known that the EnvZ system has a role in VBNC state. In this study we tried to find out the viability of EnvZ, OmpC and OmpF mutant E. coli under stress effect of osmolarity, pH and starvation. Bacteria were suspended in filtered-autoclaved sea water microcosms and numbers determined over 25 day incubation periods by plate count (PC), direct viable count (DVC) and count of cells capable of respiration (RCC). As regard to results, alkaline pH affected E. coli more than acidic pH, which led to decline in number. On the contrary glycine betaine addition to sea water protected E. coli porin mutants and also reduced the death rate of bacteria. Under the effect of pH, osmotic stress and starvation stress, wild type E. coli and porin mutants entered a dormant state or became VBNC with the exception of MSZ31 (envZ mutant) E.coli cells which did not enter the VBNC state under the three tested stress conditions. This study is the first report to demonstrate that E. coli could not enter the VBNC state in the lack of EnvZ product under the stress of osmolarity, pH and starvation and the relationship between EnvZ and VBNC state are not affected by pH, osmolarity and starvation.

20

Effect of osmotic stress and post-stress recovery on the content of phenolics and properties of antioxidants in germinating seeds of grapevine Vitis californica

58%

Weidner S., Brosowska-Arendt W., Szczechura W., Karamac M., Kosinska A., Amarowicz R.

Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae

|

2011

|

tom 80

|

nr 1

The tested material consisted of grapevine Vitis californica stratified seeds germinated under optimum conditions (+25°C in water), under osmotic stress (-0.2 MPa in PEG solution) and submitted to recovery after stress (+25°C in water). The germinating seeds were determined to contain tannins, catechins and the following phenolic acids: gallic, caffeic, p-coumaric and ferulic. The acids occurred in free, ester- and glycoside-bound forms. The dominant form of phenolic acids was the ester-bound fraction. Gallic acid was the most abundant phenolic acid in germinating seeds, while ferulic acid appeared in the smallest amounts. Our analysis of tannins demonstrated that osmotic stress depressed their concentration. Presence of catechin group compounds such as catechin and epicatechin was also determined. In each sample epicatechin was dominant. The total concentration of catechin increased under stress conditions and declined during post-stress recovery. Catechins are a constituent of tannins and their increase under osmotic stress is most probably caused by the breakdown of some tannins in seeds germinating under stress conditions. Samples submitted to osmotic stress were also found to contain less of total phenolic compounds, whereas in samples which underwent post-stress recovery the total level of phenolic compounds increased. Compared to extracts from seeds germinating under optimum conditions, osmotic stress depressed the capacity of extract to scavenge DPPH● (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS●+ – 2,2-Azino-bis (3-etylbenzothiazoline-6- -sulfonic acid) free radicals, but the antioxidant activity rose in seeds submitted to recovery after stress. Positive correlation was therefore demonstrated between the total content of phenolic acids in germinating grapevine seeds and the reducing power of extracts obtained from these seeds and their free radical scavenging activity. The results suggest that osmotic stress inhibits the activity of antioxidizing enzymes in germinating grapevine seeds. Thus, the antioxidative defence system is largely blocked under osmotic stress. It seems that a very high oxidoreductive potential in grapevine tissues prior to occurrence of osmotic stress is essential for maintaining proper homeostasis of oxidation and reduction reactions.

Ograniczanie wyników

Changes in proline level in response to osmotic stress and exogenous amino acids in Raphanus sativus L. seedlings

The role of oxidative and osmotic stress in the in vitro regeneration of Triticum aestivum and Vicia faba ssp. minor

The effects of induced ER stress on ROS regulation and antioxidant defense in Arabidopsis thaliana under osmotic stress

Physiological adaptations to osmotic stress and characterization of a polyethylene glycol-responsive gene in Braya humilis

Production of Aspergillus niger catalase under various stress conditions

Identification and characterization of a PnRSH2 gene involved in the plant stress response mechanism homologues to the bacterial stringent response

The role of osmotic stress during in vitro regeneration of Triticum aestivum L. and Vicia faba ssp. minor

Expression analysis and functional characterization of a cold-responsive gene COR15A from Arabidopsis thaliana

Silicon increases salt tolerance by influencing the two-phase growth response to salinity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Development and use of a peptide inhibitor of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase [JNK] subfamily of mitogen-activated protein kinases

Does proline accumulated in leaves of water deficit stressed barley plants confine cell membrane injuries? II. Proline accumulation during hardening and its involvement in reducing membrane injuries in leaves subjected to severe osmotic stress

Effect of stress on the life span of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Jasmonate-signalling in stress-induced gene expression

Abscisic acid and water stress responsive genes in maize

Effect of salt and water stresses on growth, nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism in Cucumis sativus L. seedlings

Does proline accumulated in leaves of water deficit stressed barley plants confine cell membrane injury? I. Free proline accumulation and membrane injury index in drought and osmotically stressed plants