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Bio-economy requires the participation that engages societies, including the local communities. In this context, the aim of the study is to recognize the opinion of the local community regarding the legitimacy of the use of existing local renewable energy potential, which will take the appropriate actions in the field of RES for the full implementation of the bio-economy program. The study assumed that a considerable degree of acceptance of renewable energy sources can be a powerful argument in order to confirm the thesis that as a result of income growth and consumer demand the multiplier effect of the use of RES will appear, contributing to local development. The tests were performed using factual methods. Secondary research, indirect (desk research), carried out in the process of exploring the problem. Field research, direct primary research, enabled the acquisition of primary data to enable the implementation of the targets. In examining the opinions of the populations of krośnieńsko-przemyski area sought to determine the relationship between the local community to the possibility of the use of renewable energy sources at the local level. Recognized opinions allowed to determine whether there is approval, disapproval, or no opinion on the use of renewable energy sources. Substantial increase in the share of RES technologies in the surveyed communes of Przemysl and Krosno sub-regions should be based on agricultural biomass, forest biomass, wind energy, geothermal energy, and solar energy. Tested communities have different often divergent opinions as to the validity of the use of RES on the local level, nevertheless a large interest in modern technologies and renewable sources of their funding is observed. The local community in the majority wants to pursue undertakings in the field of renewable energy, mainly based on solar and wind energy. There is a need to further identify and develop local potentials, including the use of social energy from renewable sources.
The major objective of the study was the identification of methods of overcoming educational difficulties occurring at classes of physical education at the stage of jnuor high school education. The study was carried out with the method of a diagnostic survey, with a questionnaire being the main research technique. The questionnaire survey was conducted amongst 53 teachers of physical education working in seven junior high schools located in the city of Zamość The questionnaire survey was completed by interviews conducted with six school headmasters and seven pedagogues working at those schools. The conducted analysis of results enables concluding that a significant part of the teachers of physical education were tangibly facing shortages of knowledge on the educational methods, and that methods of imposing discipline on pupils during classes of physical education are in most cases based on talk and persuasion. Only a small group of the surveyed teachers of physical education is convinced about the necessity of adjusting a school programme to interests of the junior high school pupils. The account made by school pedagogues and headmasters indicates that the prophylactic and educational activities undertaken at the surveyed schools include, most of all, various educational programmes which enable diagnosis and counteracting threats resulting from addiction and violence and which tend to the strengthening of self-esteem in the adolescents and their ability to cope with problems.
Subject and purpose of work: The article explores the issue of protected areas in the Podlaskie Province with particular reference to Natura 2000 areas. Its purpose is to investigate the familiarity of those areas as well as the perception of their attractiveness among the inhabitants of the Podlaskie Province. Materials and methods: Surveys conducted in the study involved 275 adult inhabitants of the Podlaskie Province. The selection of the research sample was accidental. Results: The meaning of the Natura 2000 concept was widely known among the respondents. These areas were considered to be attractive to tourists and quite often visited by the respondents. The most popular were the Bialowieza, Augustow and Knyszyn Forests. Hiking, cycling and canoeing were held most often in those areas Conclusions: Natura 2000 areas in the Podlasie Province constitute a valuable and popular tourist destination. What they need is proper tourism organization so as to give visitors an opportunity to get acquainted with their most important values, as well as ensure sustainable tourism and area protection.
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Background. There is currently many over the counter products on the market that exert nutritional or physiological effects on the human body. The differences between dietary supplements and non-prescription drugs are however poorly understood by the average consumer and may thus affect their expectations as to the desired effect produced on the body. Objectives. To evaluate patients’ knowledge and attitudes towards dietary supplements as compared to non-prescription drugs. Materials and Methods. Subjects were 335 patients of the Mazowiecki Voivodeship Hospital in Warsaw, Poland. The data were collected from a face-to-face interview using a single and multiple choice questionnaire with 10 questions on dietary supplements. Statistical analysis used the Chi-square (χ2) test. Results. The majority of respondents were found to be familiar with the term ‘dietary supplements’, but had difficulties in classifying these products into appropriate categories. Over 55% do not consider dietary supplements to be foodstuffs and more than 40% considered such products to be drugs. Most respondents thought that the main purpose of taking dietary supplements is to improve nutrition, but over one third expected them to also treat disease. Over 70% declared taking notice to which category the non-prescription products they bought belongs to ie. whether non-prescription drugs (medicinal products) or dietary supplements. Conclusions. Many patients mistakenly believe that dietary supplements are drugs and can be used to treat disease and health disorders.
According to the obtained results we can state that the surveyed group of junior school teachers know the assumptions on the project method but use this method of work with different frequency. The teachers are aware of same difficulties and restrictions concerning this method of work in reference not only to their own workshop but also to school conditions. They can identify the restricitng factors. The obligatory introduction of the project method to the third stage of eduction will increase its usage while teaching-learning practice but the question stili remains: will the effectivness of geography teaching increase? The answer to this question may only be obtained by conducting the survey in this field.
Introduction. Nowadays, preventive vaccination is still the most effective method of countering and combating infectious diseases. Objective. The objective of the present study was to take into consideration the education of the respondents while learning about their views and attitudes towards both compulsory and recommended preventive vaccination in Poland. Materials and methods. An interview survey was conducted among 370 respondents – students and young parents residing in the Lublin province of eastern Poland. The research tools were an authors’ questionnaire and a Life Orientation Questionnaire (SOS-29). Results. The majority of respondents with secondary education (77.40%), undergraduate education (63.71%), and graduate education (55.07%) stated that sometimes preventive vaccination may have life-threatening consequences. A very small percentage of both groups of respondents with secondary and undergraduate education expressed the opinion that such situations often happen (1.69% vs. 1.61%), but this opinion was not shared by any of the respondents with graduate education. Analyzing the dependency between the sense of coherence and one’s level of education, a significant difference between the respondents with secondary education and undergraduate education was observed. Although differences between respondents with graduate education and respondents with undergraduate education existed, they were not very significant. Conclusions. The educational background of the respondents has an impact on their opinions on preventive vaccination. The great majority of respondents believed that vaccination is necessary in order to avoid many dangerous diseases. Respondents with graduate education evaluated preventive vaccination in a positive or a very positive way. The subjects differed in their global sense of coherence together with its components. The general sense of coherence stood at an average level, with the mean of 129.02 points. The highest results were obtained by the respondents in the area of resourcefulness, which is a belief that they had at their disposal remedial resources, including preventive vaccination.
The aim of the research paper was to present a character description of organic agricultural holdings and identify factors affecting profitability of these holdings basing on the opinions of farmers specializing in such production. The area analyzed in this research was the Podlaskie Voivodeship. In order to achieve the aim, various research methods were employed, such as the study of relevant literature opinion surveys conducted using a questionnaire directed to 101 organic farms (selected randomly ensuring representativeness of results) as well as means of descriptive statistics. The conducted research indicates that a typical organic farmer in the Podlaskie Voivodeship is 48 years old and has 16 years of experience in agricultural holding management. He is also well educated (44% have higher education) and possesses good knowledge about organic agriculture. Almost 80% of analyzed agricultural holdings have certificates, usually for several products. 51% produce mostly for their own needs, while production of only every third is for the most part dedicated to market purposes. In 55% of these holdings, production is oriented mostly towards plant production, whereas 35% is multidirectional. In the majority of farmers’ opinions, the economic situation of their holdings is comparable to that of conventional farms. Only every fifth farmer considers their situation to better. According to the respondents, subsidies from the European Union are among the most important factors determining profitability of organic agricultural production. The factors that affect profitability negatively, according to interviewed farmers, are: low sale prices, unfavorable climate conditions, high costs of obtaining certificates and overly extensive bureaucracy
The aim of the research was to identify pro-ecological activities of Slovak hotels in the opinion of their employees and consumers. Two questionnaires were created, one was sent to 400 hotels and the other one to 105 respondents. The most common pro-ecological activities introduced by hotels were: energy saving bulbs, energy efficient appliances, waste separation and recycling, and light motion sensors. In terms of packaging of the hotel cosmetics, half of the hotels used disposable mini-packs, and the other half dispensers for soap and shampoo. Over half of hotels did not offer meals prepared from organic foods in their hotel restaurant. Only two hotels rewarded their clients who care for the environment. One hotel offered discounts on accommodation and the second one offered a higher number of points on the loyalty card. 42.1% hotels had plans related to environmental protection (e.g. expand waste sorting, recycle PET bottles, and increase the share of segregated waste).
The aim of the study is to present selected issues relating to the concept of CSR in the opinions of small and medium enterprises engaged in economic activities in rural areas. The concept of corporate social responsibility, functioning under the name of CSR, which is the responsibility of the business, is becoming more popular not only in academia, but also business. Research into business opinions on the concept of CSR was carried out in the second half of 2013 and included 174 micro (0-9 employees), small (10-49 employees) and medium (50-249 employees) agribusinesses engaged in business activities in rural areas of Warmia and Mazury. Studies have shown that nearly 30% of traders noted that the principles of social responsibility are reflected in financial results – they saw benefits such as higher quality products, lower costs and associated savings such as in water or energy.
This article describes how members of consumer cooperatives define quality food. Cooperatives are seen as one of the forms of Alternative Food Networks. The concept of quality food is defined subjectively. The analysis presented in the paper is based on the results of a questionnaire conducted in winter 2015/2016 among members of consumer cooperatives in Poland. The spontaneously made three main associations with the notion of “high quality food” indicate that customers consider qualities that are the result of the ways and methods of production. Food quality and safety are the results of individual and organisational trust and mutual relations, among consumers themselves as well as between consumers and producers. In the case of mass-produced food, issues of safety have become crucial: for the indicated group food safety means shifting from the rules of the “industrial world” to the rules of the “domestic world” where safety is the result of trust, direct consumer/supplier relations, and/or traditions rather than standardised norms.
The paper has been prepared on the basis of the results of the study conducted as part of the project: “The determinants of economic activity of the disabled living in rural areas” co-financed by PFRON (State Fund for the Rehabilitation of the Disabled). A group of 5000 disabled people has been surveyed. The purpose of the paper was to inquire about the opinion of the disabled living in rural areas on the subject of their situation on the local job market. In the analysis, demographic features have been take into account (such as sex, age, education), as features differentiating the disabled persons living in rural areas, who in the survey evaluated the local job market. Most of the inquired consider the situation on the local job market to be bad or very bad, with respect to the chances of finding a job, a number of job offers, and their attractiveness. It is necessary to implement measures and programs that would help the disabled find a job, and at the same time, motivate the employers to hire them. The research results show that the steps taken so far are insufficient.
In this paper we showed the results of studies about gastronomy services in the rural tourism and the range of this services using about which the respondents talked. The studies also took the feeding offer (rural dishes and regional feeding) influence for the choosing the rest offer in the countryside. In the studies took part people who live in the countryside and have homesteads and of course tourist rest in their homesteads.
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