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The natural ecosystem contains a huge gene bank which has been tapped by man for centuries. In the past, wheat, rice, corn were all ordinary grasses. All domestic animals also derive from this gene bank. However, the nature itself, utilises this capacity most of all at the time of climatic changes. The capacity of the gene bank is enormous, but man disregards its importance and destroys the precious resources. It cannot be excluded that in the future wild or semi-wild varieties of e.g. fruit trees will be more valuable than gold.
Evaluating animal species in terms of their usefulness or uselessness to man has led to the emergence of the commonly employed concepts of "usefutl", "neutral" and "pest" spiecies. As a rule, animal populations that compete for the same benefits from the environment as humans and also species that pose a danger or nuisance, or cause diseases) have been branded "pests". The author suggests changing the concept of "pest" itself, eliminating the anthropocentric attitude in looking at natural biological systems, and perceving the positive roles of "pests" in nature.
A modern naturalist/ecologist perceives in the surrounding world many relationships that determine life-possibilities in nature, the effects of single components of the landscape on others. These are relationships between geomorphological and geological surface forms, climatic conditions, the water cycle and the distribution of various communities of life. The presence of game depends on the spatial arrangement of various ecosystems as well as on technical infrastructure in the area. There is a close correlation between the visual and functional values of an area: a beautiful area is at the same time valuable to wildlife. The area which is to be suitable for breeding wildlife should be diverse internally, wildlife has to be able to move about freely, and at least part of the area should be free of strong human impact. The world convention on the protection of biological diversity, adopted in Rio de Janeiro, also regards protecting the internal diversity of landscapes as a precondition for the existence of any life. Game animals are part of this diversity, its abundance and beauty.
Aura
|
2005
|
nr 01
10-13
The environmental protection, in its modern sense, dates back only some 200 years. However, individuals, communities and organizations have long strived to preserve natural phenomena, species, and areas of outstanding natural beauty. The article treats about the history of environmental protection and its practical implementation.
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