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1

Coexistence of Rhinolophus affinis and Rhinolophus pearsoni revisited

100%
Jiang T., Lu G., Sun K., Luo J., Feng J.
Acta Theriologica
|
2013
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tom 58
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nr 1
The investigation of mechanism of species coexistence promotes understanding of the mechanistic processes behind community ecology and ecosystem functions. Niche theory declares that species coexistence within a community must partition the resources of their environment. Two sympatric and morphologically similar bat species, Rhinolophus affinis and Rhinolophus pearsoni, provided a unique opportunity to test the causal mechanism of coexistence. Previous study showed that their coexistence was promoted not by the trophic and spatial niche differentiation but the relatively high abundance of prey resources, which was not in accord with the prediction of niche theory. Here, therefore, we reanalyzed the dietary composition by fecal analysis and surveyed the feeding time of both species. Our results showed that R. affinis and R. pearsoni hunt mainly mostly on Coleoptera and Lepidoptera, and there was a very high overlap (0.84) of trophic niche between the two species. However, significant difference in the duration of the activity period between both species was detected, which illustrated that temporal partitioning of prey resource use facilitated their coexistence. Additionally, our work highlighted the importance of integration of the traditional methods and next-generation sequencing methods for identifying dietary composition of carnivores, and suggested that ongoing studies of species coexistence must consider simultaneously multiple niche axes.
2
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Content available

Mechanical stress-induced reorganization of the root stem cell niche of Arabidopsis seedlings cultured in vitro

100%
Potocka I.
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
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2015
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tom 96
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nr 1
3

Habitat requirements of Eurasian pine marten Martes martes in a Mediterranean environment

100%
Lombardini M., Cinerari C. E., Murru M., Vidus Rosin A., Mazzoleni L., Meriggi A.
Acta Theriologica
|
2015
|
tom 60
|
nr 2
Evaluating presence and habitat requirements of small carnivores is essential for their conservation. The Eurasian pine marten Martes martes, often described as a habitat specialist associated primarily with forest habitats, has been recently found to live even in patchily wooded country and in shrublands. We evaluated the environmental factors that determine the distribution of the pine marten in a Mediterranean landscape on the island of Sardinia (central Italy). Camera trapping sessions and scat surveys were carried out to assess the presence of the species, then a potential distribution model was developed using ecological niche factor analysis (ENFA), which requires only presence data. The pine marten selected highest altitudes, shrublands, rocky areas, and woodlands, and avoided urban areas and arable lands. Our results indicate that pine marten distribution in our study area is constrained by these variables. The ENFA analysis provided important clues about the distribution range of M. martes and its preferential environmental conditions, updating knowledge of its ecological requirements in Italy.
4

Relative abundance distributions od species: the need to have a new look at them

100%
Ulrich W.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2001
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tom 49
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nr 4
5

Morphology and functioning of germline stem cell niches in the panoistic ovarioles of a basal "apterygotous" insect, Thermobia domestica

84%
Tworzydlo W., Kisiel E., Jankowska W., Bilinski S. M.
Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica. Supplement
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2014
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tom 56
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nr 1
6

Predicted distributions, niche comparisons, and conservation status of the spotted linsang (Prionodon pardicolor) and banded linsang (Prionodon linsang)

84%
Jennings A. P., Veron G.
Acta Theriologica
|
2015
|
tom 60
|
nr 2
Knowledge of a species’ distribution and habitat preferences is of paramount importance when assessing its conservation status. We used accurately recorded occurrence records and ecological niche modeling to predict the distribution of two poorly known small carnivore species that occur in Asia, the spotted linsang (Prionodon pardicolor) and banded linsang (Prionodon linsang), and analyzed their niche overlaps for habitat and elevation. We then assessed the loss of their suitable habitat and estimated the proportion of predicted presence under protected areas. We identified and assessed possible anthropogenic threats, and used our modeling predictions to recommend surveying priorities. Our study confirmed that these two linsangs are geographically separated, with no known overlap of their distributions. Our results indicated that the habitat and elevation niches of these two linsangs are similar: they both occur primarily in evergreen forest and can be found at all elevations up to around 3,000 m. Although these two linsangs might be allopatric due to intense interspecific competition between them, other explanations could explain their distribution patterns, such as biogeographical and ecological barriers. Our findings suggest that these two linsangs might be threatened by the loss, degradation, and fragmentation of tropical evergreen forests. Urgent field studies are thus needed to learn more about their habitat requirements and the impact of anthropogenic threats, including tropical forest disturbance and hunting.
7

Spatial niche overlap between vicunas and guanacos

84%
Lucherini M., Birochio D., Marinelli C., Legato A. M.
Acta Theriologica
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2000
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tom 45
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nr 1
Through the analysis of habitat use in free-ranging, sympatric guanacos Lama guanicoe (Müller, 1776) and vicuñas Vicugna vicugna (Molina, 1782), we tested whether spatial segregation between the two species occurred in a high-altitude (4000-5000 m) Andean ecosystem, North-Eastern Argentina. Puma presence was recorded in only one of the two summers when data were recorded. Therefore, we also tested the effects of predation risk on camelid habitat use and overlap. The two camelids adopted a very similar space use strategy, but guanaco tended to be observed more frequently than vicuñas in the forage-rich patches in close proximity to water. The three different social units, characterising the organization of both wild camelids, had partially different habitat uses and the variations between them contributed to narrow the extent of spatial overlap between species. In response to increased predation risk, camelids decreased the use of the areas where most signs of hunting activity occurred. Predatory pressure had a levelling effect in habitat use variation, thus further reducing inter­-specific segregation.
8

Spatial scaling laws and weight dependent distributions in guilds of Diptera and parasitic Hymenoptera

84%
Ulrich W.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2001
|
tom 49
|
nr 1
9

Influence of livestock grazing on the capybara's trophic niche and forage preferences

84%
Quintana R. D.
Acta Theriologica
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2002
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tom 47
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nr 2
Trophic niche parameters and forage preferences of capybara Hydrochaeris hydro- chaeris Linnaeus, 1766 were studied at three areas of east-central Argentina: Lower Delta Islands (LDI), only capybara present; Puerto Constanza (PC), capybara and cattle, and Villaguay (VI), capybara, cattle and sheep. Significant correlation was found in the annual botanical composition of capybara faeces at LDI and PC, but no cor­relation was found between faecal composition at these two areas and those at VI. The narrowest trophic niche corresponded to LDI, while the widest corresponded to VI, with significant differences in the values among the three areas. Capybara consumed Carex riparia, Cynodon dactylon and Panicum grumosum in LDI, and P. milioides in VI in proportion greater than availability. Three and eight food items were consumed less than availability in VI and PC, respectively. The greater the species number and density of livestock animals, the more generalist the behavior of capybara, possibly due to direct interaction in the use of grazing resources. Changes in availability of foraging species may influence the capybara's preference patterns and the consumption of suboptimal feeding items may indicate a greater pressure on foraging resources in the areas where capybaras share their habitat with livestock.
10

Morphology and ecology in tintinnid ciliates of the marine plankton: correlates of lorica dimensions

67%
Dolan J. R.
Acta Protozoologica
|
2010
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tom 49
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nr 3
235-244
11
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

Microhabitat distribution and coexistence of monogeneans parasitic fishes - a review

67%
Simkova A., Gelnar M.
Wiadomości Parazytologiczne
|
1998
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tom 44
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nr 3
12

Overlap of temporal niches among four sympatric species of shrews

67%
Rychlik L.
Acta Theriologica
|
2005
|
tom 50
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nr 2
Hypotheses about the dependence of circadian activity from metabolic rate and the segregation of temporal niches among competing species were verified by the study of activity patterns in a shrew community of two semiaquatic species,Neomys anomalus Cabrera, 1907 andN. fodiens (Pennant, 1771), and two terrestrial species,Sorex araneus Linnaeus, 1758 andS. minutus Linnaeus, 1766, co-existing in wet habitats of Białowieża Forest (E Poland). In ten trapping sessions, performed in early summer between 1991 and 2000, traps were open 24 hours continuously and patrolled at 1:00, 5:00, 10:00, 15:00, and 20:00. All the shrew species were most active between 20:00 and 1:00, and least active around mid-day (10:00–15:00). However, activity of the twoSorex species was lower than that of the twoNeomys species in the period 20:00–1:00, but higher in the period 15:00–20:00. BothNeomys species displayed clearly nocturnal, unimodal patterns of activity. In contrast, activity of bothSorex species was relatively evenly distributed over 24 hours and they increased their activity earlier (ie after 15:00) than bothNeomys species (after 20:00). These results confirm the idea that small shrew species with higher metabolic rate have more frequent and more equally distributed activity bouts than large species. Overlap of temporal niches was the highest within genera (99.29% between bothNeomys species and 98.36% between bothSorex species), the lowest betweenN. fodiens andS. araneus (88.26%) andS. minutus (89.34%), and intermediate betweenN. anomalus and bothSorex species (91.78 and 93.34%, respectively). Such high interspecific overlaps in activity suggest a joint-action of other mechanisms that separate ecological niches of these species also in other dimensions (eg food, microhabitat).
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