The paper presents results of the first survey of nature monuments conducted after WWII in seven communes of the Szamotuły county: Duszniki, Kaźmierz, Obrzycko, Ostroróg, Pniewy, Szamotuły and Wronki. A total of 114 nature monuments were inventoried – single trees account for 76.3% of all monuments, while clusters of trees – 20.2%, respectively. A locality of Osmunda regalis, a cluster of Pinus mugo as well as two erratics are also monuments. A total of 384 trees of 25 species were inventoried. In case of single trees considered nature monuments the most numerous group is composed of English oaks (44 trees – 50.6%), while among tree clusters Scots pines predominate (201 trees – 67.7 %). The biggest number of monuments is found in state forests (57.9%) and former manor parks (21.9%). Plaques of Nature monument are placed on 54% trees ranked as monuments and 60.9% tree clusters, while only every eighth monument tree cluster bears the appropriate information plaque. Such a plaque was also placed on one erratic. The most impressive tree in the analysed county is a London plane from Pożarów, with a circumference of 7.15 m.
The study deals with the issue of ecological agricultural farms from the West-Pomeranian Province, which are located close to or on valuable natural areas. It aims to describe the kinds of problems which accompany the activity of ecological farms situated on naturally valuable areas. The review of the research studies was based on Polish and foreign literature was made. The analysis of the survey data collected from farmers working on ecological farms located close to or directly on valuable natural areas was also conducted. A sample of 765 farmers was used for the purpose of the study. The data gathered from the survey have led to seven conclusions. It was proved that natural methods of production are desirable, on the one hand, as they help preserve the values of nature sites, but, on the other hand, they are considered by farmers as insufficiently developmental as far as valuable natural areas are concerned. It is therefore necessary develop and present different concepts of development resulting from the mutual support and interaction.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the use of agri-environment schemes in the years 2004-2006 and 2007-2013 by farmers south-eastern Poland. In this region are more implemented these packages sciences, which are less onerous. Most of the agri- -environmental programs implemented by farmers, puts great emphasis on the conservation and preservation of the rural landscape. Agri-environmental program increased environmental awareness among farmers who implement it and helps to inhibit the development of intensive agriculture. Simplification of the documentation related to the agri-environmental program, may affect the increase in the number of new farmers willing to implement these programs. In south-eastern region of Poland, the natural packages are realized more willingly, and receiving payments is the main incentive that convinces farmers to join agri- -environment program. Implementing the agri-environmental program on farms in this region of Poland contributed both to improvement of water quality, reduction of soil erosion on a farm, and on the other hand to reduction of the livestock population. Increased employment of agri-environment advisor, especially botanists and ornithologists, would facilitate farmer participation in environmental programs.
Sustainable development in agriculture is associated with multifunction conception and environment and nature protection. Application of sensible methods of farming as good agriculture practices (GAP) and good environment practices may significantly support competitiveness in agribusiness. This application can be system ensuring by some certificated standard e.g. standard GLOBALGAP. The standard has been created in response to the demands of consumers, retailers and their global suppliers. This includes the requirements for safe food that is produced in accordance with worker's health, safety and welfare as well as animal welfare and also environmental issues. The aim of this paper is to introduce a project of Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague to foreign institution with experience in this field and to establish new relations with it.
Seven major types of sea space use (Nature Protection Measures, Fisheries Ex- ploitation, Geological Exploitation, Recreation, Large Infrastructures, Navigation, Military uses) in the Polish Marine Areas are presented in terms of how much space is used (km2) for each use and the degree of overlap among the different uses. The greatest degree of conflict is noted with regard to Nature Protection (which overlaps with 60% of the areas used for Recreation and Geological Exploitation), and Fisheries Exploitation (which overlaps with 60% of the areas used for Nature Protection, Recreation, Infrastructure and Navigation). On the other hand, Fisheries Exploitation areas are the least disturbed by other users, and its major competitor is Nature Protection, which claims 20% of the areas used by fisheries. A GIS–based map that illustrates the degree of conflict is included, and the authors suggest participatory management as the proper way to minimize conflicts over sea space use and to promote the effective protection of natural resources.
The aim of the article is to present the Record Sheet of Animate Natural Monuments for trees, which would standardize collecting and presenting data on tree monuments. The study uses data from the Register of Natural Monuments of the Lower Silesian Voivodeship made available by the Regional Directorate for Environmental Protection (RDOŚ) in Wrocław, as well as form the existing municipal record sheets of nature monuments and the Central Register of Forms of Nature Protection (CRFOP) facilitated by the General Directorate for Environmental Protection. Based on the qualitative assessment and the range of data contained in the RDOŚ and CRFOP registries and record sheets, an original proposal for a natural monument record sheet was elaborated for both individual trees and groups. The proposed consistent range of data on natural monuments will enable the use of collected data in statistical surveys, comparative analyses, and the research on species. In addition, the quality of data collection will contribute to a proper protection of trees and their surroundings.