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Enhancement of the physicochemical qualities of gastric mucus by sofalcone

100%

Piotrowski J., Yamaki K., Tamura S., Slomiany A., Slomiany B. L.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

1991

tom 42

nr 3

The effect of prolonged administration of an antiulcer drug, sofalcone, on the physicochemical properties of gastric mucus was investigated. The experiments were conducted with groups of rats receiving twice daily for three consecutive days a dose of 100 mg/kg sofalcone, while the control group received daily doses of vehicle. The rats were sacrificed 16 h after the last dose and gastric mucosa subjected to physicochemical measurements. The results revealed that sofalcone evoked a 23% increase in mucus gel dimension, while sulfo- and sialomucins content of the gel increased by 54 and 25%, respectively. These changes were accompanied by a 16% increase in mucus H⁺ retardation capacity, 2-fold increase in viscosity, and a 39% increase in the gel hydrophobicity. The mucus elaborated in the presence of sofalcone contained 67 % more covalently bound fatty acids, exhibited 10% lower content of protein, 30% higher content of carbohydrate, and 18% higher content of lipids. The mucus of the sofalcone group also showed an increase in the proportion of the high molecular weight mucus glycoprotein form, which in the control group accounted for about 30% of gel mucin, while its content in mucus gel of animals receiving sofalcone reached the value of 50%. The results indicate that sofalcone enhances the protective qualities of mucus component of gastric mucosal barrier.

Prostaglandins and brain-gut axis

80%

Dajani E. Z., Shahwan T. G., Dajani N. E.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement

2003

tom 54

nr 4

155-164

Prostaglandins (PGs) have well documented physiological and pharmacological actions on the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This communication reviews the evidence for peripheral and central nervous system (CNS) physiological actions of PGs in order to determine their role in the brain-gut axis, if any. PGs are widely distributed in nearly all cells peripherally and centrally. Laboratory and clinical evidence indicate that there is a direct relationship between altered GI physiological functions and peripheral PGs biosynthesis. Either local or parenteral administration of natural E-series PGs alters GI physiological functions particularly those relating to mucosal defense. Furthermore, the cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX), which are responsible for the PGs biosynthesis, have been localized in the brain as well as peripherally. However, increased levels of PGs in the brain have been associated with pathological processes such as inflammation, pain, fever and addiction. Although PGs have been shown to modulate CNS effects of catecholaminergic, serotoninergic and cholinergic neurons, there is no meaningful information concerning their direct central effect on GI function. The evidence for a clear physiological role of central PGs on the GI tract is not convincing. At this time, we conclude that PGs primarily manifest their activity on the GI tract by peripheral rather than by central mechanisms.

Evidence-based therapy according to the guideline for gastric ulcers is cost-effective in Japan

80%

Taniyama K., Shimbo T., Iwase H., Tanaka S., Watanabe N., Uemura N.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

2011

tom 62

nr 6

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

1 Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement

1 Dajani E. Z.

1 Dajani N. E.

1 Iwase H.

1 Piotrowski J.

1 Shahwan T. G.

1 Shimbo T.

1 Slomiany A.

1 Slomiany B. L.

1 Tamura S.

1 Tanaka S.

1 Taniyama K.

1 Uemura N.

1 Watanabe N.

1 Yamaki K.

1 2011

1 2003

1 1991

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Enhancement of the physicochemical qualities of gastric mucus by sofalcone

Prostaglandins and brain-gut axis

Evidence-based therapy according to the guideline for gastric ulcers is cost-effective in Japan