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Strawberry is propagated vegetatively. Nowadays, traditional bare-root transplants are often replaced with plantlets (plug plants) produced from runner tips. The nutrient level and type of growing medium may influence the quality of planting material. Phosphorus and potassium are important elements for plant metabolism. Insufficient supply of plants with these elements negatively influences the rooting and plant vegetative growth. The objective of the study was to evaluate the influence of substrate and monopotassium phosphate (MKP) on rooting and quality of strawberry plantlets grown in the greenhouse soilless system. ‘Elsanta’ mother plants were planted in containers and set on a special rack in the greenhouse. Emerging plantlets were set (clipped with metal clips) in micro-pots filled with peat or coconut substrate. Four concentrations of MKP in the growing medium were applied: 0, 0.22, 0.44, 0.66 g dm-3. Rooting of plantlets was carried out before cutting them off from the mother plants for a period 7, 10 or 14 days. The investigations have showed a very similar dynamics of root formation both in coconut substrate and in peat. A significant effect of the application of monopotassium phosphate on rooting of strawberry plantlets was observed. The optimal dose of MKP depended on the length of rooting period of plantlets. After 7 days of rooting the highest root weight was recorded in case of plantlets rooted in the growing media supplemented with 0.44 or 0.66 g dm-3 MKP. After 10 and 14 days of rooting even the lowest dose of MKP (0.22 g dm-3) resulted in significantly stronger root growth in comparison with not fertilized control plantlets. MKP also significantly influenced the growth of plantlets after transplanting them into bigger containers. The highest quality plantlets were obtained at the dose 0.44 or 0.66 g MKP dm-3 of substrate.
The study investigated the effects of three different KH₂PO₄ concentrations (0.59 mM; 1.19 mM; 2.38 mM) in Whitten’s medium and co-culture on in vitro two-cell blocks and their development to the blastocyst stage of inbred BALB/C mice embryos following in vitro fertilization. Standard IVF and IVC procedures were used and mouse oviduct cells were used as a co-culture. The results demonstrated that various concentrations of potassium were not effective on the cleavage rates. 1.19 mM KH₂PO₄ with and without co-culture groups (P<0.05)had the highest rate of reaching the 4-to 6- and 8-cells. At the 72nd hour, the 1.19 mM KH₂PO₄ groups without (55.26%) and with co-culture (44.77%) (P<0.05) displayed the most satisfactory development to the morula stage. Although 0.59 mM and 2.38 mM KH₂PO₄ were found to be insufficient to develop up to morula, 0.59 mM KH₂PO₄ with co-culture may have beneficial effects (31.57%; P<0.05). On the other hand, despite the high concentration of KH₂PO₄ (16.90%) supporting a more effective development rate to the morula than the lower level (P<0.05), it was noted that co-cultures having a high KH₂PO₄ were not beneficial. KH₂PO₄ with and without (30.00%) co-culture (26.01%) (P<0.05) demonstrated the most beneficial development of the blastocyst stage.
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