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Hypertrophy of the heart muscle may occur as a result of maximum and prolonged physical training. Till now, heart failure has been the delineating marker for determining physiological hypertrophy and the transition period into pathological hypertrophy. The state of the heart muscle is usually evaluated by heart muscle injury markers, one of which is cardiac troponin I (cTnI). Troponin is detectable only in heart tissues and it's concentration in blood increases rapidly in relation to the level of myocardium failure. During this study some sledge dogs had increased concentrations of cTnI concentration in their sera which indicated heart muscle failure as a result of an excessive workload
Abnormalities of diastolic filling can lead to diastolic dysfunction and heart failure. Echocardiography is a valuable tool for the evaluation of diastolic cardiac function. A high correlation between measurements of diastolic mitral inflow parameters analyzed with Doppler echocardiography and through invasive methods makes the former valuable. The aim of this study was to compare values obtained from healthy dogs to those obtained from subclinically and clinically ill dogs with mitral valve regurgitation and to determine the value of these parameters for use in diastolic myocardial dysfunction and/or diastolic heart failure diagnosis. The study was performed on 248 healthy and cardiologically ill dogs of different breeds and ages. Eleven parameters were analyzed: E wave, E-AT, E-DT, E time, A wave, A-AT, A-DT, A time, E+A time, E/A ratio, IVRT. Significant differences were found in E wave, A wave, E/A ratio, A-DT and E+A time among healthy dogs and dogs with mitral valve regurgitation. This study confirmed the value of the noninvasive echocardiographic assessment of the diastolic function in dogs. The most useful parameters include E wave, A wave, E-DT, E/A ratio and IVRT.
This work presents the results of investigation of cardiac muscle in 137 bisons shot in the Białowieża Forest during breeding selection in the years 1990-1995. The investigation focused upon the occurrence of protozoan Sarcocystis sp. and the lesions caused by it. Macroscopic inspection did not show any lesions characteristic of Sarcocystis sp. Histopathological examination was carried out of sections of the left heart ventricle, the right heart ventricle and interventricular septum. For 137 bisons examined in 117 animals the presence of Sarcocystis sp. in the heart muscle was confirmed, which means 85,4%. Moreover, the cardiac muscle showed inflammatory cell infiltration, hyperemia, degeneration and less frequently necrosis. The animals in which the presence of Sarcocystis was not confirmed belonged to the age group under 1 year. Differences in structure of cysts walls indicate the occurrence of various species of Sarcocystis in bisons.
The aim of this research was to evaluate the assessment of changes of heart electrophisiological parameters, the determination of the frequency of occurrence and kinds of arrhythmias possible to release in invasive electrophysiological study of the heart and the assessment of the connection between electrophysiological parameters and morphological changes of the heart muscle. The experimental material included 10 pigs of Wielka Bia³a Zwis³oucha breed. Hyperthyroxinemia was induced experimentally in 5 pigs through the oral administration of L-tyroxine at a dose of 20 µg/kg body weight once daily for 8 weeks. The control group included 5 pigs which were not administered L-tyroxine. The electrophysiological study of the heart was carried out 4 times, preceded by a blood test. The statistically significant shortening of the atrial effective refraction period and atrio-ventriculat nodal refraction period, concentric hypertrophy of the heart muscle, and change of biochemical blood parameters were observed.
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