An evaluation of wastewater hazards to aquatic environments with biotests can support traditional monitoring. The conventional classification of surface water is based primarily on chemical and physical analyses. The toxicity of samples from 4 Polish rivers - Pilica, Bzura, Ner and Utrata, which are polluted to different degrees, has been assessed with a battery of biotests composed of representatives of producers (micro - algae - Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, duckweed - Lemna minor), consumers (rotifer - Brachionus calyciflorus, crustaceans - Daphnia magna, Thamnocephalus platyurus) and decomposers (bacteria - Vibrio fisheri, protozoans - Spirostomum ambiguum, Tetrahymena thermophila). The physicochemical characteristics of water also have been performed. No permanent and highly toxic effects were observed. The most toxic effects in spring did not find a confirmation in studies in autumn and vice versa. Most test organisms gave responses. However, it is too early to evaluate the sensitivity of biotests and their usefulness in a monitoring system for rivers. A minimum of one more year of study is needed.
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