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Effect of the gynosaponin on methane production and microbe numbers in a fungus-methanogen co-culture

100%

Wang X. F., Mao S. Y., Liu J. H., Zhang L. L., Cheng Y. F., Jin W., Zhu W.-Y.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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2011

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tom 20

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nr 2

This study investigated the effect of saponins gypenoside (gynosaponins) on methane production and microbe numbers in a co-culture of a fungus, Piromyces sp. F1, and a methanogen, Methanobrevibacter sp.. Two co-culture systems were used: with methanogen (co-culture I) and without methanogen (co-culture II; methanogen growth inhibited by chloramphenicol). Each co-culture system was treated with 0, 50, 100 or 200 mg gynosaponins/l culture medium. Gas production, methane concentration and volatile fatty acid concentration (VFA) were measured for each treatment group. The numbers of anaerobic fungi and methanogen were quantified by real time PCR. The results showed that, compared with the control, gynosaponin significantly reduced the gas production, methane concentration, methane to TVFA ratio (total volatile fatty acid), TVFA concentration, number of fungi (except for 50 mg dose of gynosaponin in co-culture I) and number of methanogens. Methane was not detected in co-culture II. The individual VFAs proportion of TVFA were not affected by gynosaponins in either of the co-cultures. The pH was higher in both co-cultures than that of the control (P<0.01). These data suggest that gynosaponins has the potential for being used as feed additive to modulate the ruminal fermentation, inhibit the methanogen growth and reduce methane production.

2

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Methane in the environment (a review)

75%

Nosalewicz M., Brzezinska M., Pasztelan M., Supryn G.

Acta Agrophysica

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2011

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tom 18

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nr 2[193]

The atmospheric concentration of methane, a potential greenhouse gas, is determined by global balance between sources and sinks. The aim of the paper was to review the recent studies on the natural and anthropogenic sources that are responsible for the increase in the concentration of methane in the atmosphere, focusing on processes of methane formation and oxidation and factors influencing them. Methanotrophic and methanogenic metabolisms are an important part of these researches from the viewpoint of environmental protection. Great variability of soil properties and their interactions affecting the production, consumption and transport of CH4 makes our understanding of these processes still insufficient. Although most research to date has focused on sources of methane emissions, CH4 absorption by oxygenated soil is an important process that significantly reduces emission. The paper describes many soil-related factors affecting methanotrophic activity: particle size distribution, humidity, temperature, pH, oxygen concentration, use of nitrogen fertilisers. Land use has a significant effect on CH4 oxidation in soils, the greatest methnotrophic potential being that of forest soils as compared to meadows, pastures and arable land.

3

The effects of feed blocks containing tomato and cucumber by-products on in vitro ruminal fermentation, microbiota, and methane production

63%

Romero-Huelva M., Martin-Garcia A. I., Nogales R., Molina-Alcaide E.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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2013

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tom 22

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nr 3

The aim of this work was to evaluate in vitro the effect of replacing 0%, 50%, 75% or 100% of cereal-based concentrate in diets based on lucerne hay with feed blocks containing barley grain or 650 g · kg–1 fresh matter of greenhouse waste fruits (tomato, cucumber, or a 1:1 mixture of tomato and cucumber) on ruminal fermentation, methane production, and bacterial and methanogen population sizes. The type of feed-block showed no effect (p ≥ 0.25). The level of concentrate replacement with blocks did, however, affect (p ≤ 0.042) the pH, CH4 concentration, organic matter degradation rate, total gas, CH4 and total VFA production, acetate/propionate and CH4 /total VFAs ratios, and molar proportions of acetate and butyrate, without changing (p ≤ 0.082) methanogen and total bacteria abundance. Increasing levels of concentrate replacement with feed blocks modified ruminal fermentation, dry matter and neutral detergent fibre digestibility, and had an antimethanogenic effect.

4

The potential of the wild dog rose (Rosa canina) to mitigate in vitro rumen methane production

63%

Szumacher-Strabel M., Zmora P., Roj E., Stochmal A., Pers-Kamczyc E., Urbanczyk A., Oleszek W., Lechniak D., Cieslak A.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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2011

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tom 20

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nr 2

This study examined the potential of liquid wild dog rose (Rosa canina) seeds oil and solid seeds residue obtained after CO2 extraction in supercritical conditions to mitigate rumen methane production in vitro. Two experiments were carried out. The substrate comprised of a mixture of meadow hay and barley meal (60:40) for the control diets (CON1 in experiment with oil and CON2 in experiment with residue). The control diets were supplemented up to 5% in dry matter of rose seeds oil (RO) and 5% of rose seeds residue (RR). The following parameters were measured: pH, ammonia, volatile fatty acids, ciliate protozoa and bacteria count, methane concentration and methanogens population. In the RO treatment a decrease in methane production and an increase in the Archea population were observed. In the RR treatment no change in methane production was reported, whereas some variations in protozoal populations were detected in relation to CON2. The potential to mitigate methane production was reported only in wild dog rose seeds oil treatment. Besides, no negative effect of wild dog rose seeds residue on rumen processes was stated, what may predispose this protein and fibre containing by-product to be utilized as ruminants dietary ingredient.

5

Impact of season of harvest on potential nutritive value, methane production and condensed tannins content of Calobota saharae in M´sila, North-Central Algeria

63%

Medjekal S., Ghadbane M., Bousseboua H.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Agronomy

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2015

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tom 18

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nr 2

6

The effects of combined essential oils along with fumarate on rumen fermentation and methane production in vitro

51%

Lin B., Lu Y., Wang J. H., Liang Q., Liu J. X.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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2012

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tom 21

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nr 1

Two trials were conducted to investigate the effect of a combination of essential oils (CEO) along with fumarate on in vitro rumen fermentation. In trial 1, the essential oil (EO) from thyme, oregano, cinnamon and lemon were mixed at five different ratios. The CEO were applied at levels of 0-500 mg/l. Addition of CEO decreased gas, methane, total volatile fatty acid (VFA) production at 24 h incubation in a dose-dependent manner. Methane tended to decrease much more than total VFA and gas at the same EO level. The mixture of oils at an equal ratio at 500 mg/l that decreased methane much more than VFA was chosen as the optimal combination. In trial 2, the optimal combination was used with 0, 5, 10 or 15 mmol/l of monosodium fumarate. Addition of fumarate further decreased methane production, with 10 mmol/l fumarate resulting in the largest reduction (80.2%) and the smallest decrease in total VFA (5.7%) and gas production (16.7%). Quantification of several ruminal microbe populations by RT-PCR showed that the optimal combination sharply decreased ruminal protozoa; the populations of fungi and fibrolytic bacteria were also decreased. In summary, at an appropriate level, CEO can inhibit methane production. Inclusion of fumarate can further decrease it, which is attributed mainly to inhibition of protozoa and methanogens.

7

Potential of phytofactors to mitigate rumen ammonia and methane production

51%

Szumacher-Strabel M., Cieslak A.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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2010

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tom 19

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nr 3

The increase in the intensity of ruminant production determines changes in the rumen feed conversion and thus, among other, may increase pool of greenhouse gases emission. The ineffective digestion process and changes in the legislation processes implicate the action tends towards the limitation of rumen ammonia and methane production. In the last few years there is an increasing interest of nutritionists in bioactive plant factors – phytofactors as natural feed additives that can modify the rumen fermentation processes, improve the protein metabolism and, at the same time, reduce ammonia production and emission, and curb methane production and emission to the atmosphere. High diversity of bioactive phytofactors contained in many plant species has been identified as a potential factor affecting the above-mentioned processes.

8

Effects of phytogenic products on in vitro rumen fermentation and methane emission in goats

51%

Dong G. Z., Wang X. J., Liu Z. B., Wang F.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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2010

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tom 19

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nr 2

218-229

This study evaluated the effects of addition of lucerne extract (LE), Artemisiae annuae extract (AAE), and mixed herbal medicine (MHM) into different goat diets on in vitro rumen fermentation and methane production. In addition to the negative control (NC), addition of monensin (MO) served as the positive control (PC). Four ruminally cannulated Nanjiang Yellow goats (45 ± 2 kg liveweight) were used as donors of ruminal fluid. The results showed: 1. compared with NC, addition of all the additives into the mixed grass diet increased propionate concentration (P<0.05). Protozoa numbers and methane production were reduced by addition of all the additives (P<0.05); 2. compared with NC, LE and AAE in the lucerne diet increased propionate concentration (P<0.05). All the additives reduced protozoa numbers (P<0.05). Methane production was decreased by addition of LE compared with NC and PC (P<0.05); 3. addition of LE into the mixed grass-concentrate diet resulted in an increase of the propionate concentration compared with NC and PC (P<0.05). Protozoa numbers were reduced by addition of LE and AAE compared with NC (P<0.05). Methane production was decreased by addition of AAE compared with NC and PC (P<0.05); 4. compared with NC, addition of AAE and MHM into the lucerne-concentrate diet resulted in an increase of propionate concentration (P<0.05). Protozoa numbers were reduced by addition of all the additives (P<0.05). Methane production was decreased by addition of AAE and MHM (P<0.05). In conclusion, addition of LE, AAE and MHM into different diets reduced methane production, increased propionate concentration and decreased protozoa numbers to a certain extent, and the inhibitory effects of the phytogenic products on methane production are more remarkable in the mixed-grass diet. The phytogenic products appear to be promising alternatives to MO in altering in vitro rumen fermentation and reducing methane production in goats.

9

Solids waste gas recovery under different water conditions

51%

Filipkowska U., Agopsowicz M. H.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2004

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tom 13

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nr 6

This papers deals with the determination of the influence of water and landfill leachate dosage on the quality and quantity of municipal waste biogas. Wastes used in the experiment were collected from a municipal landfill located in Łęgajny near Olsztyn. Gas production (total gas volume, production rates and methane concentration) was monitored for 311 days. The quality and quantity of biogas were determined as for waste deposition without irrigation and with irrigation with the addition of water and leachate (the amount was typical for the average atmospheric precipitation and double amount of atmospheric precipitation). Moreover, the researches were carried out for totally flooded wastes. It was shown that there is an influence of water conditions on the biogas production. The lowest biogas production was observed for waste deposition without water and leachate irrigation (dry wastes) and for totally flooded wastes. Obtained biogas characterized the lowest amount of methane. The highest effectiveness of biogas production and its best composition was achieved for wastes irrigated by leachate in the amount corresponded to atmospheric precipitation. Biogas contained about 50% of methane. Research showed that there is the possibility of biochemical processes controlling in waste heap (e.g. in energy piles); however, there is then the necessity of optimization of the dosage and kind of recirculated medium.

10

Contribution by the methanogenic endosymbionts of anaerobic ciliates to methane production in Dutch freshwater sediments

51%

Van Hoek A. H. A. M., Van Alen T. A., Vogels G. D., Hackstein J. H. P.

Acta Protozoologica

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2006

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tom 45

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nr 3

Ograniczanie wyników

Effect of the gynosaponin on methane production and microbe numbers in a fungus-methanogen co-culture

Methane in the environment (a review)

The effects of feed blocks containing tomato and cucumber by-products on in vitro ruminal fermentation, microbiota, and methane production

The potential of the wild dog rose (Rosa canina) to mitigate in vitro rumen methane production

Impact of season of harvest on potential nutritive value, methane production and condensed tannins content of Calobota saharae in M´sila, North-Central Algeria

The effects of combined essential oils along with fumarate on rumen fermentation and methane production in vitro

Potential of phytofactors to mitigate rumen ammonia and methane production

Effects of phytogenic products on in vitro rumen fermentation and methane emission in goats

Solids waste gas recovery under different water conditions

Contribution by the methanogenic endosymbionts of anaerobic ciliates to methane production in Dutch freshwater sediments