The export of frozen vegetables is growing on a regular basis. In 2005 it reached a record level of 334 thousand tons. The increase in export was driven by large demand for these products in the EU markets and CIS markets. The sale of most frozen vegetables was higher — in particular mixed frozen vegetables and frozen peas. Export price, reminded unchanged from 2004 at EUR 0,4 per kg. The import of frozen vegetables is growing too and in 2005 totaled 21,4 thousand tons. Frozen vegetables mainly originate in the EU countries (90% of import) and also from China and Bulgaria. The import of most frozen vegetables is increasing. Frozen vegetables imported from other countries are used for the production of mixed frozen vegetables and ready-to-eat dishes.
Concentrated fruit juices give 20% of exportation income of garden products. Last years production and exportation of concentrated apple juice are stabilizing because of less supply of raw materials. However the production and exportation of concentrated juices from soft fruits are still increasing. In the season 2005/2006 total exportation of concentrated juices was smaller for 10% than in 2004/2005 because of decrease of sherry juice production. The production and exportation of apple juice reduced of 5%. After Polish access into EU the importation of concentrated apple juice has increased. The main problem on the market of this product is the reduction of the raw material base and bigger participation of less useful for the processing apple varieties in the cultivation structure. On the market of the concentrated juices of soft fruits the important problem is the huge changeability of supply and prices of raw material and exportation prices of the juices.
W publikacji autor omawia wybrane aspekty zarządzania innowacjami w przedsiębiorstwach funkcjonujących w państwach członkowskich Unii Europejskiej. Podstawą do takiej oceny są dwa mierniki tej działalności: 1) odsetek przedsiębiorstw, które w trzyletnim okresie wprowadziły innowacje, 2) odsetek przedsiębiorstw, które z wdrożonych innowacji (wyrobów i usług) osiągnęły określony procent obrotów. Poziom tych mierników jest zróżnicowany w poszczególnych państwach członkowskich, co świadczy o zróżnicowanym zaangażowaniu menedżerów w zarządzanie działalnością innowacyjną. Średnio w Unii Europejskiej tylko 35% badanych przedsiębiorstw zastosowało jakąś innowację od stycznia 2009 roku. Natomiast w 46% przedsiębiorstw, które wprowadziły innowacje, uzyskano obroty od 1% do 25% pochodzące z tych innowacji. W 11% przedsiębiorstw nie uzyskano żadnych obrotów z wdrożonych innowacji.
The foreign trade performance in agro-food sector in the Central European Countries for the period of 2004-2007 has been evaluated. The main exports and imports measures, comparative advantages, specialization as well as market shares and competitiveness have been analyzed. After entering into the European Union by the Central European Countries, the importance of foreign trade in agro-food sector has increased, an intra-branch trade has been intensified and its structure has changed. The comparative position of these countries in the trade has been created by rising comparative advantages of some sections and lowering of the others. The foreign trade turnover has risen and the agro-food trade has been internationalized.
The export of frozen fruits in 2005 increased comparing to 2004 by 13% to 274 thousand tons. The sale of frozen strawberries, raspberries, gooseberries and redcurrant was higher. A decline was observed in the case of blackcurrant and cherries. The export prices were 9% down at EUR 0,8 per kg. The export prices of frozen berries, cherries and blackcurrant increased, prices of frozen strawberries, redcurrant and gooseberries were lower. As a result of changing supply in Poland and the world market, the export of frozen fruits and export prices are volatile. The import of frozen fruits grew by over 50% to 23,4 thousand tons. Reflecting higher import prices the value of import increased by 66% to EUR 29,8 million. In 2005 bulk increase in import was observed in the case of berries.